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List of wars involving Spain

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of wars and armed conflicts fought by Spain, its predecessor states, or in Spanish territory.

Ancient

[edit]
Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Barcid conquest of Hispania

(237–218 BC)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Iberians

Celtiberians

Carthaginian Empire Carthaginian Victory
  • Expansion of Carthaginian Iberia
Roman conquest of Hispania (220–17 BC)

Location: Iberian Peninsula, Western Europe, Italian Peninsula, North Africa and Mediterranean Sea

Pre-Roman Iberia

Roman popularis exiles

Roman Republic

Celtic tribes vassal to Rome

Roman Victory
Siege of Saguntum

(219 BC)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Saguntines Carthaginian Empire Carthaginian Victory
Second Punic War

(218–201 BC)

Location: Iberian Peninsula, North Africa and Mediterranean Sea

Carthaginian Empire

Allies:

Roman Republic

Allies:

Roman Victory
Indibilis and Mandonius Revolt [es]

(206–205 BC)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Ilergetes

Ausetani Sedetani Celtiberians
Roman mutineers

Roman Republic Roman Victory
Iberian revolt

(197–195 BC)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Iberian rebels:

Roman Republic

Roman victory and re-establishment of control over Hispania
First Celtiberian War

(181–179 BC)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Celtiberian tribes

Vaccaei Vettones

Roman Republic Roman Victory
  • Rome conquers certain tribes, but allows them to keep autonomy
Second Celtiberian War

(154–151 BC)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Celtiberian tribes

Vaccaei

Roman Republic Roman Victory
Lusitanian War

(155–139 BC)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Roman Republic

Celtic tribes become vassals of Rome

Lusitanian tribes

Celtic tribes

Roman Victory
Numantine War

(143–133 BC)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Roman Republic Roman Victory
Roman conquest of Gallaecia [es]

(132–19 BC)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Gallaeci

Celts

Roman Republic Roman Victory
Roman conquest of Majorca [es]

(123–121 BC)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Balearic slinger Roman Republic Roman Victory
Sertorian War

(80–72 BC)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Roman popularis exiles

Native Iberians

Native Celts

Native Aquitanians

Roman Senate Roman Senate Victory
Caesar's civil war (49–45 BC)

Location: Hispania, Italia, Graecia, Illyria, Aegyptus, Africa

Pompeians

Numidia

Ptolemaic kingdom

Pontus

Caesarians

Mauretania

Caesarian victory.
Cantabrian Wars

(29–19 BC)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Astures

Cantabri

Gallaeci[1]

Roman Empire Roman Victory
Crisis of the Third Century

(235–285 AD)

Location: Western Europe, Northern Europe, Southern Europe, North Africa, Middle East

Roman Empire Roman usurpers
Sasanian Persia
Germanic tribes
Roman Victory
  • Gallic Empire fails in their attempt to control Hispania (conquered from 261 to 269).
  • Emperor Aurelian re-conquers both the Palmyrene and Gallic Empires, and emperor Diocletian puts an end to the civil war.
Invasions in the West of the Empire

(258–260)

Location: Western Europe and Southern Europe

Roman Empire Franks

Alemanni Marcomanni Quadi Iazyges Roxolani

Roman Victory and invasion repelled
Roman Civil War (406–411) [es] and Gothic War (408–416) [es]

Location: Western Europe

Western Roman Empire Constantine III's Britain Usurpation
Gerontius' Hispanic Usurpation
Priscus Attalus' Italian Usurpation
Barbarians
Roman Pirric Victory
Crossing of the Rhine

(406–411)

Location: Western Europe and Southern Europe

Western Roman Empire Sarmatian and Germanic Barbarians

Roman usurpers

Defeat
  • Start of Barbarian invasions into the Roman Empire.
Invasion of Roman Gallaecia by the Germanic Suebi

(409)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Hispania Germanics Defeat
Invasion of Hispania by the Germanic Vandals

(409)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Hispania Germanics

Sarmatian Alans

Defeat
Invasion of Hispania by the Germanic Visigoths

(410)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Hispania Germanics Defeat
Visigothic Campaign on Hispania

(416–418)

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Southern France

Western Roman Empire

Kingdom of the Suebi Visigoths

Vandals

Alans

Roman-Visigothic Victory
  • Wallia got a Visigothic settlement in Aquitania by the Romans, leaving Hispania.
Suevi-Vandal War (419-420) [es]

(419)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Suebi

Hispania

Hasdingi Vandals Roman-Suevi Victory
Vandal War (422) [es]

(422)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Hispania Hasdingi Vandals

Sarmatian Alans

Roman defeat
Vandal pirate incursions on the Mediterranean[2]

(424–429)

Location: Iberian Peninsula, North Africa and Balearic Islands

Hispania

Mauretania Tingitana

Hasdingi Vandals Vandal success in their piracy activities.
War between the Alans and the Suevi

(428)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Suebi

Hispania

Sarmatian Alans Defeat at the Battle of Mérida.
War between the Visigoths and the Vandal–Alanic alliance

(429)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Visigothic Kingdom Vandals

Sarmatian Alans

Visigoth victory
Bagaudae Revolts

(284–456)

Western Roman Empire Bagaudae
  • Peasant rebels

Germanic tribes

Roman victory
Gothic War in Spain (456)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Western Roman Empire

Visigothic Kingdom Burgundians

Franks

Suebi Visigothic victory
Gothic War (457–458)

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Gallia

Western Roman Empire Visigothic Kingdom Roman Victory
  • Visigoths had to relinquish their recent conquests in Hispania and return to federal status
Roman reconquest of Hispania

(459–461)

Location: Iberian Peninsula, Mediterranean Sea

Western Roman Empire

Huns

Suebi

Vandal Kingdom

Inconclusive
Visigoth invasion of Hispania

(461)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Hispania Visigothic Kingdom Indecisive
Visigoth conquest of Hispania

(469–474)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Hispania

Suebi

Visigothic Kingdom Visigoth victory
  • Roman empire, Julius Nepos recognise the conquests of Euric, Visigoth Lord of Hispania.

Medieval

[edit]
Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Franco-Visigothic Wars

(492–508)

Location: Southern France

Visigothic Kingdom

Supported by:

Kingdom of the Ostrogoths

Kingdom of the Burgundians (pre-507)

Alemanni

Frankish kingdom

Supported by:

Armorica

Kingdom of the Burgundians (post-507)

Eastern Roman Empire

Frankish victory
Burdunellus Revolt

(496–497)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Visigothic Kingdom Hispano-Romans Visigothic victory
Tarraconense Revolt

(507)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Visigothic Kingdom Hispano-Romans Visigothic victory
Conflict over the succession of Alaric II

(507–514)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Visigothic rebels
Frankish kingdom
Ostrogothic Kingdom Ostrogothic victory
Vandalic War

(533–534)

  • part of Vandalic Wars

Location: North Africa, Balearic Islands, Sardinia, Corsica and Mediterranean Sea

Vandal Kingdom
  • Balearic domains
Byzantine Empire Byzantine victory
Gothic War

(535–554)

Location: Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Dalmatia

Byzantine Empire

Huns

Heruli

Sclaveni

Lombards

Byzantine victory against Ostrogoths, then plans for revenge against Visigoths due to its support to Ildibad and Totila.
Visigothic revolts against Agila I

(550–554)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Visigothic Kingdom loyal to Agila I Visigoths loyals to Athanagild

Hispano-Romans from Córdoba


Byzantine Empire
Rebels victory and legitimation for a Byzantine intervention on Spain.
Byzantine conquest of Visigothic Baetica
(551–555)

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands

Visigothic Kingdom Byzantine Empire Byzantine victory
Visigothic conquest of Spania
(570–624)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Visigothic Kingdom Byzantine Empire Visigothic victory
Visigothic conquest of Córdoba
(572)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Visigothic Kingdom Byzantine Empire Visigothic victory
Visigothic conquest of Sabaria
(573)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Visigothic Kingdom Sappi Visigothic victory
Visigothic conquest of Cantabria
(574)

Location: Southern France

Visigothic Kingdom Cantabri Visigothic victory
Second Visigothic–Suevic War
(575–577)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Visigothic Kingdom Kingdom of the Suebi Visigothic victory
Visigothic–Vasconic War
(581)

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Pyrenees

Visigothic Kingdom Vascones Visigothic victory
Third Visigothic–Suevic War
(585–586)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Visigothic Kingdom Kingdom of the Suebi Visigothic victory
First Muslim invasion of Iberian Peninsula (650s)

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Mediterranean Sea

Visigothic Kingdom

co-beligerant:

Byzantine Empire

Rashidun Caliphate Stalemate
Byzantine incursion against Visigoth Spain

(694/702/703)

Location: Southern Iberian Peninsula and Mediterranean Sea

Visigothic Kingdom Byzantine Empire Visigothic victory
  • Theodemir success in the defense of the Visighotic mediterranean coasts.
Muslim incursions on the Balearic Islands

(8th century–10th century)

Location: Balearic Islands and WesternMediterranean Sea

Byzantine Empire

Carolingian Empire (799-815 [es])

Umayyad Caliphate (until 750)

Emirate of Córdoba (since 759)

Arab victory
Visigothic Civil War

(710–711)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Achila II forces from northeast Hispania Roderic forces from southwest Hispania Inconclusive due to Arab-Berber Invasion.
Umayyad conquest of Hispania
(710–780)

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Mediterranean Sea

Visigothic Kingdom Umayyad Caliphate Umayyad victory

Start of Spanish Reconquista.

Umayyad invasion of Gaul (719–759)

Location: Southern Gaul (now France)

Frankish kingdom

Lombard Kingdom

Duchy of Gascony

Vascones

Umayyad Caliphate Frankish victory
Battle of Covadonga
(722)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Asturias Umayyad Caliphate Asturian victory
Berber Revolt

(740–743)

Location: Iberian Peninsula and North Africa

Berber insurgents on North Africa and Hispania
Kingdom of Asturias
Umayyad Caliphate
Yemeni Revolt on the Wali of Al-Andalus (745–756)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

1st phase

Supports of Abu'l-Khattar al-Husam ibn Darar al-Kalbi

2nd phase Supports of Abd al-Rahman


Revolt of Amer bin Amr al-Abdari
Basques of Pamplona
1st phase

Supports of Tuwaba ibn Salama al-Judhami

2nd phase Supports of Yusuf ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Fihri

  • Initial victory of the north Arab faction in the first phase. Then of the south Arab faction in the second phase.
  • The fugitive Umayyad prince, Abd al-Rahman I, establish an independent Emirate of Córdoba.
  • End of al-Andalus rule by governors sent from Damascus or appointed by the recommendation of the Umayyad regional governors of Ifriqiya.
  • Christian Iberic kingdom conquers territory of the Upper March.
Abbasid attempt to conquest Al Andalus (763)[3][4]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Emirate of Córdoba Abbasid Caliphate Umayyad victory
Revolts against Emirate of Cordoba (771–774)[5]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Emirate of Córdoba Syrians rebels under Abd al-Ghaffar
Arab and Berber tribes
Abd al-Rahman's enemies
Revolts suppressed
Battle of Montecubeiro
(774)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Asturias Galician rebels Asturian victory
Yemeni revolt on the Emirate of Cordoba

(777 –781)


Location: Iberian Peninsula and Mediterranean Sea

Arab wāli of Barcelona, Zaragoza and Girona

Supported by:
Abbasid Caliphate

Frankish kingdom (Carolingian Empire)

Emirate of Córdoba Revolt suppressed
Charlemagne's campaign in the Iberian Peninsula (778–816)

Location: Iberian Peninsula, Southern France and Mediterranean Sea

Frankish kingdom (Carolingian Empire)

supported by:

Emirate of Córdoba (Moors)

Basques (Pagan)

supported by:

Battle of the Burbia River
(791)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Asturias Emirate of Córdoba Defeat
Battle of Lutos
(794)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Asturias Emirate of Córdoba Asturian victory
Battle of Las Babias
(795)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Asturias Emirate of Córdoba Defeat
Sack of Lisbon (798)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Asturias Emirate of Córdoba Asturian victory
Andalusian raids on Sardinia[7]

(807–822)

Emirate of Córdoba Byzantine Empire Defeat
Louis the Pious' attempt to control the Hispanic March and Vasconia (814–824)

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Southern France

Basque and Muslim victory
  • Navarre and Aragon became completely independent from the power of the Frankish rulers
Andalusian occupation of Alexandria

(814–828)

Location: Egypt and Mediterranean Sea

Emirate of Alexandria
  • Andalusian corsairs
Abbasid Caliphate

Tahirids

Defeat
Cordoban Razzias against Carolingian Empire

(815–856)

Location: Spanish March

Frankish kingdom (Carolingian Empire) Emirate of Córdoba Mostly Muslim victories and successful sacks.
Revolt of the Arrabal

(818)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Emirate of Córdoba Citizens of the suburb of Saqunda Emirate victory
Andalusian conquest of Crete

(824/827–829)

Location: Greek islands and Aegean Sea

Emirate of Crete
  • Andalusian corsairs
Byzantine Empire Andalusian Victory
Aisso Revolt

(826–827)

Location: Spanish March

Catalan counties

Emirate of Córdoba

Carolingian Empire Carolingian Victory
Muslim conquest of Sicily

(827–902)

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Sicily

Abbasid Caliphate

occasional assistance from:

Emirate of Cordoba

Duchy of Naples

Byzantine Empire

occasional assistance from:

Venice

Aghlabid conquest of Sicily with andalusian support.
Carolingian Succession War

(830–842)

Location: Western Europe and Central Europe

Divisionists Forces

Supported by:

Imperialists Forces

Supported by:

Divisionist victory
Viking expedition of 844 [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Asturias

Emirate of Córdoba

Norwegian Vikings of Noirmoutier

Francia

Asturian and Córdoban victory
Battle of Albelda (851)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Asturias

Duchy of Gascony West Francia

Emirate of Córdoba Defeat
Battle of Guadalacete
(852)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Asturias
Kingdom of Pamplona
Toledo rebels
Emirate of Córdoba Defeat
¡Swedish raids in the Mediterranean Sea [es] (859)

Location: Iberian Peninsula, Italian Peninsula and Mediterranean Sea

Kingdom of Asturias

Emirate of Córdoba Carolingian Empire

Kingdom of Italy

Swedes and Danes Vikings Defeat
Battle of the Morcuera
(865)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Asturias Emirate of Córdoba Defeat
Umar ibn Hafsun's Rebellion

(878–928)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Lordship of Bobastro Emirate of Córdoba Defeat
Battle of Polvoraria
(878)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Asturias Emirate of Córdoba Asturian victory
First Battle of Cellorigo
(882)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Asturias Emirate of Córdoba Asturian victory
Second Battle of Cellorigo
(883)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Asturias Emirate of Córdoba Asturian victory
Raid of 897 against Barcelona (897)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of West Francia Emirate of Córdoba Defeat
Day of Zamora
(901)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Asturias Emirate of Córdoba Asturian victory
Muslim conquest of Majorca

(902/903–910/911)

Location: Balearic Islands

Byzantine Majorca [es] Emirate of Córdoba Defeat
Battle of San Esteban de Gormaz
(917)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of León Emirate of Córdoba Leonese victory
Pamplona Campaign

(924)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Pamplona Emirate of Córdoba Defeat
Battle of Alhandic
(939)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of León Caliphate of Córdoba Defeat
Battle of Simancas
(939)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of León
County of Castile
Caliphate of Córdoba Leonese victory
Hungarian raid in Spain (942)

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Southern Europe

Caliphate of Córdoba

Catalan Counties

Principality of Hungary Initial Hungarian victory.

Lacking food stores and finding insufficient forage, the Hungarians retired after a few days.

Battle of Aguioncha (966)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Galicia County of Portugal Defeat

Culmination of a Galician–Portuguese civil war in the Kingdom of León.

Sack of Santiago de Compostela (968)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Galicia Norwegian Vikings Defeat
Battle of Rueda
(981)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of León
County of Castile
Kingdom of Pamplona
Caliphate of Córdoba Defeat
Sack of Barcelona (985)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

County of Barcelona Caliphate of Córdoba Defeat
Battle of Cervera
(1000)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of León
County of Castile
Kingdom of Pamplona
Caliphate of Córdoba Defeat
Battle of Calatañazor
(1002)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of León
County of Castile
Kingdom of Pamplona
Caliphate of Córdoba Christian victory
Battle of Albesa

(1003)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Catalan Counties Caliphate of Córdoba Cordoban victory
Razzia of 1003

(1003)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Catalan Counties Caliphate of Córdoba Cordoban victory
Mujahid's invasion of Sardinia

(1005–1015)

Location: Sardinia

Taifa of Dénia Republic of Pisa

Republic of Genoa

Sardinian medieval kingdoms

Defeat
Fitna of al-Andalus (1009–1031)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Muslim rebels Caliphate of Córdoba The caliphate crumbled in 1031 into a number of independent taifas, including the Taifa of Córdoba, Taifa of Seville and Taifa of Zaragoza.
Normand expedition of 1014

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of León Norwegian Vikings Defeat
Castilian-Leonese War (1034–1037)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

County of Castile

Kingdom of Pamplona

Kingdom of León Castillian victory
Battle of Tafalla

(1035/1043)Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Pamplona County of Aragon

Taifa of Zaragoza

Pamplonese victory
Battle of Atapuerca

(1054)Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of León Kingdom of Pamplona Leonese-Castillian victory
Battle of Graus
(1063)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

County of Castile
Taifa of Zaragoza
Kingdom of Aragon Castilian–Zaragozan victory
Crusade of Barbastro
(1064)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Aragon
County of Urgell
Duchy of Aquitaine
Papal States
Emirate of Lārida Christian victory
Battle of Paterna
(1065)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of León Taifa of Valencia Leonese victory
War of the Three Sanchos
(1065–67)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Kingdom of Navarre
Kingdom of Aragon
Castilian victory
  • Castile annexes La Bureba, Montes de Oca and Pancorbo
Castilian-Leonese War of 1068

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Kingdom of León Castilian victory
Battle of Pedroso

(1071)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Galicia County of Portugal Victory

García II of Galicia declaring himself King of Portugal.

Castilian-Leonese War of 1072

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Kingdom of León Castilian victory
Battle of Almenar (1082) Catalan counties

Muslim Taifa of Lérida

Muslim Zaragoza Defeat
Battle of Piedra Pisada
(1084)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Christian Aragon Muslim Zaragoza Defeat
Battle of Morella

(1084)

Kingdom of Navarre
Kingdom of Aragon

Muslim Taifa of Lérida

Muslim Zaragoza Victory
Siege of Toledo[8]
(1084–85)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Taifa of Toledo Castilian victory
Battle of Sagrajas
(1086)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile
Kingdom of León
Kingdom of Aragon
Almoravids Defeat
Siege of Toledo (1090)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Almoravids Castilian victory
Siege of Valencia[8]
(1092–1094)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Taifa of Valencia
Almoravids
Castilian victory. El Cid gets the Lordship of Valencia
Battle of Cuarte [es]

(1094)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Valencia under Cid's rule Almoravids Castilian victory.
Siege of Huesca

(1094–1096)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Aragon Taifa of Zaragoza

Kingdom of Castile

Aragonese victory. Start of Aragonese expansion to the south of the Pyrenees.
First Crusade

(1095–1099)

Location: Middle East (Levant and Anatolia)

Crusaders Muslims: Victory:
Battle of Alcoraz

(1096)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Aragon Taifa of Zaragoza

Kingdom of Castile

Aragonese victory
Battle of Bairén
(1097)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Aragon
Valencia under Cid's rule
Kingdom of Castile
Almoravid dynasty Aragonese/Castilian/Valencian victory
Battle of Consuegra
(1097)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile
Kingdom of León
Almoravid dynasty Defeat
Battle of Mollerussa

(1102)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

County of Urgell Almoravid dynasty Stalemate

Death of Ermengol V, Count of Urgell and end of Moroccan expansion

Conquest of Balaguer

(1105)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

County of Barcelona

County of Urgell

Almoravid dynasty Christian victory
Norwegian Crusade

(1107–1110)

Location: Iberia, Balearic Islands, Palestine

Kingdom of Jerusalem Kingdom of Jerusalem

Norway Norwegian Realm
Republic of Venice Republic of Venice

Fatimid Caliphate

Almoravid Empire

Taifa of Badajoz

Taifa of Majorca

Barbary pirates of Majorca

Crusader victory.
Battle of Uclés
(1108)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile
Kingdom of León
Almoravid dynasty Defeat
Galician Revolt

(1110–1112)Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castileand León

Kingdom of Aragon and Navarre

Galician Rebels

County of Portugal

Duchy of Burgundy

Inconclusive
  • Galicians rebels and loyals to Castilians allies against Aragonese influence.
Leonese Civil War

(1110–1111)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Supporters of Urraca of León and Castile: Supporters of Alfonso the Battler
Galician Rebels

County of Portugal

Duchy of Burgundy

Truce
  • Militar Victory of Alfonso
  • Political Victory of Urraca
1113–1115 Balearic Islands expedition

Location: Mediterranean Sea (Balearic Islands)

Republic of Pisa
Catalan counties
County of Provence
Giudicato of Torres
Papal States
Taifa of Majorca
Almoravids
Christian victory
Battle of Martorell (1114)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Catalan counties Almoravid dynasty Catalan victory
Conquest of Zaragoza (1118)

Location: Zaragoza

Kingdom of Aragon
Kingdom of Navarre
Viscounty of Béarn
Almoravid dynasty Christian victory
Battle of Cutanda
(1120)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Aragon
Duchy of Aquitaine
Almoravid dynasty Christian victory
Battle of Lerida

(1122)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Aragon Almoravid dynasty

County of Barcelona Duchy of Aquitaine

Almoravid victory
Crusade of Alfonso I of Aragon in Andalusia

(1125–1126)
Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Aragon Almoravid dynasty Christian Tactic Victory
Battle of Corbins

(1126)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

County of Barcelona

County of Pallars Jussà

Almoravid dynasty Almoravid victory
Battle of São Mamede
(1128)
  • Part of Kingdom of León civil war and War of Portuguese independence

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of León

Kingdom of Galicia

County of Portugal Defeat
Secession of the County of Portugal which becomes a kingdom with Afonso Henriques.
Luso–Leonese War (1130–37)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of León County of Portugal Leonese victory
Aragonese intervention in Aquitaine [fr]

(1130–1133)

Location: Southern France

Union of Aragon-Navarre

Béarn Viscounty of Béarn County of Bigorre

Foix County of Foix

County of Comminges

Duchy of Aquitaine

County of Toulouse County of Labourd

Defeat
War of Navarrese-Aragonese succession

(1134–46)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

1° phase (1134–35)

Loyals to García Ramírez of Navarre


Union of Castile-León

2° phase (1135)

Union of Castile-León

3° phase (1135–36)

Union of Castile-León

4° phase (1136–40)

Union of Castile-León-Aragon

5° phase (1139–49)

Union of Castile-León

Union of Aragon-Barcelona

6° phase (1139–46)

Union of Castile-León

1° phase (1134–1135)

Loyals to Ramiro II of Aragon

2° phase (1135)

Union of Aragon-Navarre

3° phase (1135–36)

Kingdom of Aragon

4° phase (1136–40)

Kingdom of Aragon

County of Barcelona


Kingdom of Navarre

County of Portugal (since 1137)

5° phase (1139–40)

Kingdom of Navarre

6° phase (1139–46)

Union of Aragon-Barcelona

1° Phase: Pact of Vadoluengo: Navarre-Aragon union is maintained, with Navarre loyal to García Ramirez as vassals to Aragon loyal to Ramiro II, joining forces against Castilan invasion (which conquered Kingdom of Zaragoza).

2° Phase: García of Navarre declared himself a vassal of Alfonso VII of Castile and León, so supporting Alfonso's claims to Aragon crown.

3° Phase: Alfonso VII and Ramiro II consolidates an alliance in the Treaty of Alagon (during the short time that all iberian kingdoms were vassals of Castile, Alfonso VII declared himself Imperator totius Hispaniae). However, Garcia of Navarre rebels against Castile, while also in war with Aragon.

4° phase: Aragonese nobility rejects alliance with Castille, so pacts an alliance with Catalan County of Barcelona on the Capitulations of Barbastre, donating Ramiro II his realm to Ramon Berenguer IV of Barcelona. Aragonese-Castilian conflict ends with the Treaty of Carrion (ending the conflict of succession in Aragon). 5° phase: After a failed attempt of partitioning Navarre between Castile and Aragon, Castilian-Navarrese conflict ends with the Peace of Calahorra (ending Conflict of succession in Navarra).

6° phase: The Aragonese-Navarrese conflicts continues until 1146 with the Truce of San Esteban de Gormaz, in which Castile quits of the war.

Siege of Oreja
(1139)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile
Kingdom of Galicia
Kingdom of León
Kingdom of Toledo (Christians)
Almoravids (Muslims) Christian victory
Battle of Cerneja

(1139)

  • Part of War of Portuguese independence

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of León County of Portugal Defeat
Battle of Valdevez

(1140)

  • Part of War of Portuguese independence

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of León County of Portugal Defeat

The Treaty of Zamora (1143) recognized Portuguese independence from the Kingdom of León.

Baussenque Wars (1144–62)

Location: Burgundy, Kingdom of Arles (Modern France)

County of Barcelona
County of Provence,

Viscount of Albi [fr] and Carcassonne

 County of Toulouse

Foix County of Foix

Lords of Baux

Victory for Catalan party.
Revolt against Almoravids

(1144–47)
Location: Iberian Peninsula (Sharq Al-Andalus)

Almoravid dynasty

Taifa of Cuenca
Kingdom of Castile

Taifa of Valencia

Taifa of Murcia Taifa of Rueda de Jalón

Stalemate
Second Crusade (1147–50)

Location: Middle East and North Africa (Near East, Anatolia, Levant, Egypt) and Iberian Peninsula

Crusaders Seljuk Empire
Emirate of Zengids
Abbasid Caliphate
Fatimid Caliphate
Almoravids
Status quo ante bellum
  • Decisive Seljuk Turks victory in Anatolia
  • Decisive Crusader victories in Iberia
Siege of Almería (1147)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Union of Castile-León

Union of Aragon-Barcelona
Kingdom of Navarre

Republic of Genoa

Almoravids (Muslims) Christian victory
Siege of Lisbon (1147)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Taifa of Badajoz Kingdom of Portugal

Crusaders

Christian victory
Navarrese-Aragonese War (1148–1156) Union of Aragon-Barcelona

Union of Castile-León-Galicia (since 1151)

Union of Castile-León-Galicia (until 1150)

Kingdom of Navarre

Stalemate
Conquest of Siurana

(1158–1159)Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Aragon Taifa of Siurana Aragonese victory
Conflict over the regency of Alfonso VIII (1158–1169)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

House of Lara

Kingdom of Castile

House of Castro

Supported by:

  • Victory for House of Castro.
  • Start of Castillian-Leonese War, Castillian-Navarrese War and Castillian-Aragonese war.
Henry II of England campaign on Toulouse[9]

(1159)

Location: Southern France

Kingdom of England (Angevin)

House of Aragon[10]

Lordship of Montpellier

Kingdom of France Royal Domain of France (Capet)

County of Toulouse

Truce
Castilian-Leonese War (1162–1166)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile

Kingdom of Portugal

Kingdom of León

Kingdom of Navarre

Castillian Victory
Luso–Leonese War (1162–1165)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of León Kingdom of Portugal Portuguese victory
Luso–Leonese War (1167–1169)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of León

Almohad Caliphate

Kingdom of Portugal Leonese-Almohad Victory
Aragon-Toulouse War over Provence[11]

(1166–1176)

Location: Southern France

Crown of Aragon

House of Baux

House of Trencavel (until 1171)

Kingdom of England (Angevin) (until 1173)

Republic of Genoa (until 1167)

County of Toulouse

House of Trencavel (since 1771)

Republic of Genoa (since 1168)

Aragonese victory
Spanish Christian–Muslim War of 1172–1212

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile

Crown of Aragon

Kingdom of Navarre (until 1195) (1211-1212)
Kingdom of León (until 1195) (1211-1212)
Kingdom of Portugal
Crusaders from Northern Europe

Almohad Caliphate

Kingdom of Navarre (1196-1197)
Kingdom of León (1196-1197)

Spanish Christian victory
Siege of Huete

(1172)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Almohad Caliphate Castillian Victory
Conquest of Cuenca

(1177)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile

Kingdom of León

Kingdom of Aragon

Almohad Caliphate Castillian victory
Castilian-Leonese War (1178–1180)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile

Kingdom of Portugal

Kingdom of León Inconclusive
  • Conference of Tordesillas
Aragon-Toulouse War of 1179-1185

Location: Southern France

Crown of Aragon

Viscounty of Narbonne

Republic of Pisa (since 1183)


Cathars
County of Toulouse

Kingdom of England (Angevin) County of Forcalquier (since 1183)

Republic of Genoa (since 1183) County of Provence (1183-1184)

Aragonese victory
Siege of Moya

(1183)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Almohad Caliphate Castillian victory
Siege of Santarém

(1184)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Portugal

Kingdom of León

Almohad Caliphate Victory
Castilian-Leonese War of 1188-1194[12]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile League of Huesca [es] Inconclusive
  • Castillian military victory until Papal mediation cease the conflict in a mission to unifiy all Iberian Christian Kingdoms against Almohads.
  • Treaty of Tordehumos [es]: Leonese political victory.
Third Crusade (1189–92)

Location: Middle East (Levant and Anatolia), Mediterranean Europe (Sicily, Iberia, Balkans)

Kingdom of France
Holy Roman Empire

Kingdom of Hungary Republic of Genoa

Kingdom of Portugal

Kingdom of Navarre
Kingdom of León

Republic of Pisa

Kingdom of Denmark
Angevin Empire

Kingdom of Jerusalem

Armenian Cilicia

Sunni Muslim:
Shia Muslim:
Eastern Christian opponents:
Treaty of Jaffa (1192)
Castilian-Aragonese War of 1190-1191[12]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Borja Alliance

Kingdom of Portugal (since 1191)

Kingdom of León (since 1191)

Stalemate
Battle of Alarcos
(1195)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile
Order of Santiago
Order of Évora
Almohad Caliphate Defeat
Castilian-Leonese War of 1196–1197[12]

- Part of Spanish Christian–Muslim War of 1172–1212 Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile

Kingdom of Aragon

Kingdom of León

Kingdom of Navarre
Almohad Caliphate

Ceasefire
Luso-Leonese War (1196–1200)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Portugal

Kingdom of Castile (until 1197)

Kingdom of León

Kingdom of Navarre
Almohad Caliphate

Status Quo Ante Bellum
Castillian invasion of Navarre

(1199–1200)Location: Pyrenees

Kingdom of Castile Kingdom of Navarre Victory
Almohad conquest of Balearic islands

(1203)

Location: Balearic Islands and North Africa

Almoravid dynasty Almohad Caliphate Almohad victory
Castilian-Leonese War of 1204–1206[12]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Kingdom of León Stalemate
Anglo-Castillian War (1206)[13]

Location: Southern France, Gascony

Kingdom of Castile

Béarn Viscounty of Béarn

County of Armagnac

Vizcounty of Tartas

Orthez

Kingdom of England (Angevin) English victory
Albigensian Crusade (1209–1229)

Location: Southern France (Languedoc and Occitania)

Cathars Churches

Faidit

England Kingdom of England

Crusaders:

Catholic Church

Kingdom of France Kingdom of France

County of Aurenja

Duchy of Austria

Defeat
Siege of Al-Dāmūs
(1210)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Aragon
Knights Hospitaller
Knights Templar
Almohad Caliphate Christian victory
Castilian-Leonese War of 1212[12]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Kingdom of León

Kingdom of Portugal

Truce of Coimbra
Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa
(1212)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile
Crown of Aragon
Kingdom of Portugal
Kingdom of Navarre
Order of Santiago
Order of Calatrava
Knights Templar
Kingdom of France French volunteers
Leonese volunteers
Almohad Caliphate Christian victory
  • 100,000 Muslims killed[14]
  • 25–30 Christians killed[14]
Battle of Muret
(1213)

Location: Muret (Modern France)

Crown of Aragon
County of Toulouse
County of Comminges
County of Foix
Viscounty of Carcassonne
Crusaders
Kingdom of France
French-Crusader victory
Castilian-Leonese War of 1217-1218[12]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Kingdom of León Unnamed truce between Alfonso IX of León, and Fernando III with Queen Berenguela of Castile.
First Nobiliary Revolt against James I of Aragon (1220)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Aragon Lordship of Albarracín

Rodrigo de Liçana forces Pero Ferrández de Açagra forces

Victory
Second Nobiliary Revolt against James I of Aragon

(1223)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Aragon Nobiliary leagues

Ferdinand of Aragon forces

Defeat
Conquest of Valencia

(1225–1304)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Aragon Almohad Caliphate

Taifa of Valencia Taifa of Murcia Emirate of Granada


Crown of Castile
Victory
Conquest of Majorca
(1228–31)

Location: Mediterranean Sea (Balearic Islands)

Aragonese Flag Crown of Aragon
Marseille
Narbonne
Republic of Genoa
Knights Templar
Order of Malta
Almohad Caliphate

territory of Majorca

Aragonese victory
Siege of Burriana
(1233)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Aragon
Knights Hospitaller
Knights Templar
Senyoria d'Albarrasí
Taifa of Valencia Aragonese victory
Conquest of Ibiza

(1235)

Location: Mediterranean Sea (Balearic Islands)

Aragonese Flag Crown of Aragon

Kingdom of Portugal

Almohad Caliphate Aragonese victory
Siege of Córdoba (1236)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Moors Castilian victory
Battle of the Puig
(1237)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Aragon Taifa of Valencia Aragonese victory
  • Conquest of Valencia
Castillian conquest of Murcia[15]

(1243–1245)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Castile

Taifa of Murcia

Muslim Murcians Castillian victory
Anglo-Navarrese Conflicts (1237–1266)[16][13]

Location: Southern France, Gascony

Kingdom of Navarre

Kingdom of France

Kingdom of England (Angevin)

Vizcounty of Tartas

English victory
Great Interregnum[17]

1245/50–1273/5

Location: Germany and Italy

Hohenstaufen party Welf party Compromise
Siege of Jaén (1245–1246)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile
Order of Santiago
Taifa of Jayyān (جيان)
Emirate of Granada
Castilian victory
Siege of Seville
(1247–48)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile
Order of Santiago
Knights Templar
Knights Hospitaller
Order of Calatrava
Almohad Caliphate
Taifa of Niebla
Castilian victory
Seventh Crusade (1248–54)

Location: North Africa (Egypt)

Kingdom of France

Kingdom of Navarre
Kingdom of Jerusalem

Knights Templar
Knights Hospitaller

Ayyubids

Bahris

Defeat
  • Status quo ante bellum
Portuguese–Castillian war of 1250–1253

(1250–1253)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Kingdom of Portugal Defeat
Anglo-Castillian War of 1253–1256[13]

Location: Southern France, Gascony

Kingdom of Castile

Béarn Viscounty of Béarn

County of Armagnac

County of Comminges

Kingdom of England (Angevin) Status Quo Ante Bellum
Mudéjar revolt (1264–1266)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile

Kingdom of Aragón

Order of Calatrava

Order of Santiago

Muslim (Mudéjar):

Emirate of Granada

  • Rebellion defeated.
  • Expulsion of Muslim populations.
  • Aragonese troops abolish Taifa of Murcia, and then give the territory to Castile, according to Treaty of Almizra.
  • Payment of tribute from Granada to Castile.
  • Crown of Castile granted a Fuero to Murcians, so Kingdom of Murcia is constituted.
Crusade of the Infants of Aragon

(1269)

Location: Levant

Crown of Aragon

Ilkhanate of Persia of the Mongol Empire
Kingdom of Jerusalem

Mamluk Sultanate Defeat
Eighth Crusade (1270)

Location: North Africa (Tunisia)

Kingdom of France

Kingdom of Aragon

Kingdom of Sicily

Kingdom of Navarre

County of Luxembourg

Scottish volunteers

Mamluk Sultanate Inconclusive due to Death of Louis IX of France
Battle of Écija (1275)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Marinid Sultanate
Emirate of Granada
Defeat
Navarreria War (1276) [es]

Location: Pyrenees

Kingdom of Castile

Kingdom of Navarre

Kingdom of France

Navarrese Bourgeoisie [es]

Defeat
Battle of Algeciras (1278)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile
Order of Santa María de España
Marinid Sultanate
Emirate of Granada
Defeat
Siege of Algeciras (1278–1279)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile
Order of Santa María de España
Marinid Sultanate
Emirate of Granada
Defeat
Battle of Moclín (1280)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile
Order of Santa María de España
Emirate of Granada Defeat
War of the Sicilian Vespers
(1282–1302)

Location: Southern Italy

1° Phase

Crown of Aragon
Kingdom of Trinacria
 Byzantine Empire

 Republic of Venice

Hafsid dynasty (Tunis)

Ghibellines

2° Phase

Crown of Aragon

Kingdom of Naples
Kingdom of France

Papal States

1° Phase

Angevin Kingdom of Naples
Kingdom of France Republic of Pisa
Kingdom of Majorca
Papal States

 Republic of Genoa

 Kingdom of Navarre

 Kingdom of Castile

Guelphs

2° Phase

Kingdom of Sicily

Aragonese victory
Aragonese expedition to Tunez (1282–86)

Location: Mediterranean Sea and North Africa (Algeria and Tunisia)

Kingdom of Aragon flag Crown of Aragon

Tunisian rebels (Abu-Bakr ibn al-Wazir forces)

Hafsid dynasty Defeat
Battle of Malta
(1283)

Location: Mediterranean Sea (Malta)

Crown of Aragon Kingdom of Naples Aragonese victory
Siege of Albarracín (1284)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Aragón House of Lara
Lordship of Albarracín
Aragonese victory
Battle of the Gulf of Naples
(1284)

Location: Italian Peninsula

Kingdom of Aragon flag Crown of Aragon Kingdom of Naples Aragonese victory
Aragonese Crusade
(1284–85)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Aragon Papal States
Kingdom of France
Kingdom of Navarre
Kingdom of Naples
Kingdom of Majorca
Lordship of Albarracín
Republic of Genoa
Aragonese victory
Battle of Les Formigues
(1285)

Location: Mediterranean Sea

Kingdom of Sicily
Crown of Aragon
France
Republic of Genoa
Aragonese victory
Battle of the Col de Panissars
(1285)

Location: Pyrenees

Kingdom of Aragon flag Crown of Aragon Kingdom of France Aragonese victory
Battle of the Counts
(1287)

Location: Italian Peninsula

Kingdom of Aragon flag Crown of Aragon Kingdom of Naples
Papal States
Aragonese victory
Conquest of Menorca

(1287)

Location: Mediterranean Sea (Balearic Islands)

Kingdom of Aragon flag Crown of Aragon Almohad Caliphate Aragonese victory
Castilian-Aragonese War of 1288-1291 [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Kingdom of Aragon flag Crown of Aragon

Castillian Rebels [es]
Emirate of Granada

Aragonese victory
War of the Strait

(1292–1350)

Location: Mediterranean Sea (Strait of Gibraltar)

Kingdom of Aragon flag Crown of Aragon

Kingdom of Castile

Kingdom of Portugal

Supported by:

Kingdom of Navarre

Kingdom of France

Kingdom of England

Republic of Genoa

Marinid Sultanate

Emirate of Granada

Victory
  • End of Moroccan hegemony in the Strait of Gibraltar. No more offensive or expansion attempts against the Christian Kingdoms would be done by Marinids, being just at the defensive for the rest of the reconquista.
Gascon War

(1294–1303)

Location: France (Gascony and Flanders)

Kingdom of France Kingdom of England Treaty of Paris (1303)
  • Aquitaine becomes a fief of France.
2nd conquest of Murcia

(1296–1304)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Aragon flag Crown of Aragon Kingdom of Murcia Aragonese Victory
Battle of Iznalloz
(1295)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile
Order of Calatrava
Emirate of Granada Defeat
Luso-Castilian War (1295–1297)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Kingdom of Portugal

Kingdom of Aragon flag Crown of Aragon

Stalemate
Castilian-Aragonese War of 1296-1304

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Kingdom of Aragon flag Crown of Aragon

Kingdom of Portugal (until 1297)


Emirate of Granada
Aragonese militar victory

Castillian political victory

Battle of Cape Orlando
(1299)

Location: Italian Peninsula

Kingdom of Aragon flag Crown of Aragon Kingdom of Sicily Aragonese victory
Battle of Ponza (1300)

Location: Italian Peninsula

Kingdom of Aragon flag Crown of Aragon Kingdom of Naples
Supported by:
Republic of Genoa
Aragonese victory
Catalan campaign in Asia Minor

(1303–19)

Location: Asia minor, Balkans and Mediterranean Sea (modern-day Turkey and Greece)

Kingdom of Aragon flag Catalan Company

 Byzantine Empire (until 1305)

Various Anatolian Turkish Beyliks
Republic of Genoa
 Byzantine Empire (after 1305)[18]

Duchy of Athens

Against Turks:
  • Indecisive.

Against Genoese

  • Victory.

Against Byzantines:

Castilian-Granada War (1309–19)

Location: Iberian Peninsula, North Africa and Strait of Gibraltar

Kingdom of Castile

Crown of Aragon

Marinid Sultanate

Emirate of Granada Victory
Siege of Algeciras (1309–10)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile
Order of Santiago
Order of Calatrava
Emirate of Granada Defeat
Second Siege of Gibraltar
(1315)

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Mediterranean Sea

Kingdom of Castile Emirate of Granada Castilian victory
Catalan campaign on Achaea (1315–16)

Location: Southeast Europe (modern Greece)

Isabella of Sabran forces Matilda of Hainaut forces Defeat
Shepherds' Crusade (1320)

Location: Normandy (modern France)

Kingdom of France

 Crown of Aragon

Civilians (especially Jews)

French peasant crusaders Franco–Aragonese victory
  • Crusaders dispersed
Aragonese conquest of Sardinia
(1323–26)

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Sardinia

Crown of Aragon

Kingdom of Majorca
Giudicato of Arborea

Republic of Pisa
Republic of Genoa

Sassari Republic

Aragonese victory
Siege of Villa di Chiesa
(1323–24)

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Sardinia

Aragonese Flag Crown of Aragon
Giudicato of Arborea
Republic of Pisa Aragonese victory
Battle of Lucocisterna
(1324)

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Sardinia

Aragonese Flag Crown of Aragon Republic of Pisa Aragonese victory
War of Saint-Sardos[13]

(1324)

Location: Southern France, Aquitaine

Kingdom of France Kingdom of England French victory
Battle of Teba
(1330)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Emirate of Granada Castilian victory
Catalan–Genoese War
(1330–36)

Location: Western Mediterranean Sea

Crown of Aragon Republic of Genoa

 Monaco

Status quo ante bellum
Battle of Velbazhd

(1330)

Location: Balkans

Kingdom of Serbia

Supported by:

Andronikos II Palaiologos (Byzantine Empire) and the Catalan Company[20]

Bulgarian Empire

Supported by:

Wallachia

Moldavia

Andronikos III Palaiologos (Byzantine Empire)[21] [22]

Serbian Victory
Haffsid conquest of Djerba (1335)[23]

Location: North Africa

Aragonese Flag Crown of Aragon Hafsid dynasty Defeat
Luso-Castillian War
(1336–39)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Castile Kingdom of Portugal Castilian victory
Hundred Years' War (1337–1453)

Location: Western Europe (France, the Low Countries, Great Britain and the Iberian Peninsula)

France

Burgundian State (1337–1419 and 1435–53)

Kingdom of Scotland

Crown of Castile

Republic of Genoa

Kingdom of Bohemia

Crown of Aragon

Avignon Papacy[a]

Kingdom of England

Burgundian State (1419–35)

Kingdom of Portugal

Kingdom of Navarre

County of Flanders

Hanseatic League

Ghent Rebels[b]

Papal States[c]

French Victory
English Channel naval campaign
(1338–39)

Location: English Channel

Kingdom of France
Genoese mercenaries
Castilian mercenaries
Kingdom of England
County of Flanders
Indecisive
Battle of Río Salado
(1340)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Castile
Kingdom of Portugal
Marinid Sultanate
Emirate of Granada
Portuguese-Castilian victory
War of the Breton Succession (1341–65)

Location: Brittany (modern France)

Stalemate
Battle of Estepona
(1342)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Aragon Marinid Sultanate Aragonese victory
Siege of Algeciras (1342–1344)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile
Republic of Genoa
Kingdom of Aragon
Kingdom of Portugal
Kingdom of Navarre
European crusaders
Marinid Sultanate
Emirate of Granada
Castilian victory
War of the Union (1347–1348)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Aragonese Flag Royalist Fraternity Union of Aragon

Union of Valencia

Royalist victory
Battle of Llucmajor
(1349)

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Balearic Islands

Aragonese Flag Crown of Aragon Kingdom of Majorca Aragonese victory
War of the Straits

(1350–1355)

Location: Southeast Europe (modern Greece and European Turkey)

 Republic of Venice

 Crown of Aragon

Military support:

 Byzantine Empire

 Republic of Genoa

Logistical support:

Ottoman Beylik

Aydinids

Indecisive
Battle of Winchelsea
(1350)

Location: Southern England

Kingdom of Castile Kingdom of England Defeat
Sardinian–Aragonese war

(1353–1420)

Location: Mediterranean Sea (Sardinia)

 Crown of Aragon Judicate of Arborea

House of Doria

Republic of Genoa

Aragonese victory
  • Arborea is annexed to Aragon Sardinia.
Sardinian Revolt

(1353–55)

Location: Sardinia

Aragonese Flag Republic of Venice
Aragonese Flag Crown of Aragon
 Republic of Genoa
Judicate of Arborea
Victory
Siege of Alghero
(1354)

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Sardinia

Aragonese Flag Republic of Venice
Aragonese Flag Crown of Aragon
Republic of Genoa Aragonese victory
War of the Two Peters
(1356–75)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Castile
With the support of:
Kingdom of England
Republic of Genoa
Kingdom of Portugal
Kingdom of Navarre
Kingdom of Granada
Crown of Aragon
With the support of:
Henry of Trastámara
Kingdom of France
Indecisive
  • Overthrowing of Peter I of Castile
Battle of Linuesa
(1361)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile
Kingdom of Jaén
Order of Calatrava
Emirate of Granada Castilian victory
Battle of Guadix
(1362)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile
Kingdom of Jaén
Order of Calatrava
Emirate of Granada Defeat
Castilian Civil War
(1366–69)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Forces of Pedro of Castile
Kingdom of England
Kingdom of Navarre
Kingdom of Granada
Forces of Henry of Trastámara
Kingdom of France
Crown of Aragon
Victory for Henry of Trastámara
Siege of León
(1368)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Castile – Henry's side Crown of Castile – Pedro's side Victory for Henry of Trastámara
Battle of Montiel
(1369)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Castilians
Granada
Castilians
France
Franco-Castilian victory
Siege of Algeciras (1369)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Emirate of Granada Defeat
First Fernandine War

(1369–1370)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Castile Kingdom of Portugal

Supported by:

Crown of Aragon

Castilian victory
Battle of La Rochelle
(1372)

Location: Modern France

Crown of Castile Kingdom of England Castilian victory
Second Fernandine War

(1372–1373)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Castile Kingdom of Portugal Castilian victory
Jaime IV of Majorca War

(1374) Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Aragon Kingdom of Majorca Aragonese victory
Castilian invasions of England [es]

(1374–1380)[27][28][29]

Location: Southern England

Crown of Castile

Supported by

Kingdom of France

Kingdom of England Castilian victory
Siege of Bayonne (1374) [fr]

(1374)

Crown of Castile Kingdom of England Defeat
War of the Bands (1375–1500)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Stalemate
Navarrese conquest of Albania[30]

(1376)

Location: Adriatic Sea and Balkans (Modern Albania)

Duchy of Durazzo

Kingdom of Navarre

Kingdom of France

Kingdom of Albania Victory
Castilian-Navarrese War of 1378 Crown of Castile

Kingdom of France

Kingdom of Navarre

Kingdom of England

Castilian victory
Sicilian War

(1378–1386)[31][32]

Location: Mediterranean Sea (Southern Italy and Aegean Islands)

Aragonese Party Sicilian Party Victory
  • Revolt Suppressed and realization of a compromise with Italians.
Navarrese intervention in Greece (1378–1396)

Location: Aegean Sea and Balkans (Modern Greece)

Navarrese Company

Knights Hospitaller (until 1380)

Acciaioli family (until 1382)

Latin Empire (since 1382)

 Republic of Venice (since 1387)

Angevin Kingdom of Naples

Crown of Aragon (1379–1381)

 Byzantine Empire (since 1382)

Acciaioli family (1382–1389)

 Republic of Venice (1382–1387)

 Duchy of Savoy (since 1391)
Ottoman Empire[33]
Stalemate
  • Navarrese conquered much of Messenia and the towns of Androusa and Kalamata for James of Baux in 1381. Then Navarrese governed the entire Morea under the auspices of James.
  • Navarrese fail in their offensive against Duchy of Athens. But obtain alliance with Venetians (since 1382) and Ottomans (just in 1395).
  • After death of James, navarrese got complete control of the region. Pedro de San Superano and his family got the Principality of Achaea in 1396 to 1404.
  • Conflict against Morea ends due to Byzantine–Ottoman wars and the start of an alliance between Byzantines and Navarrese against common enemy.
Aragonese conquest of Athens

(1380)[34]

  • Part of Sicilian War

Location: Aegean Sea and Balkans (Modern Greece)

Crown of Aragon Kingdom of Sicily Victory
Armañagues War

(1380–91)

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Southern France

Crown of Aragon Armanyac County Catalan Victory
Third Fernandine War
(1381–82)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Castile Kingdom of Portugal
Kingdom of England
Castilian victory
Noreña Rebellions

(1382–95)

Crown of Castile County of Noreña [es]

Supported by: Kingdom of Portugal

Castilian victory
1383–1385 Portuguese interregnum
(1383–1385)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Castile

Supported by:
Kingdom of France
Crown of Aragon

Kingdom of Portugal

Supported by:
Kingdom of England

Defeat
  • Consolidation of Portuguese independence
Florentine conquest of Catalan Greek counties

(1385–90)

Location: Aegean Sea and Balkans (Modern Greece)

Crown of Aragon Principality of Achaea Defeat
  • Acciaioli family conquers all of the Catalan territories on the Eastern Mediterranean Sea.
Razia of 1386

(1386)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Aragon Emirate of Granada Defeat
Invasion of Castile by John of Gaunt

(1386–1388)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Castile

co-belligerant:
Kingdom of France

Supportes of John of Gaunt

Kingdom of Portugal
Kingdom of England

Victory
Anti-Jewish Revolt

(1391)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Castile
Crown of Aragon
Jews
Anti-semitic rebels Defeat of the Government. Jewish population lost its legal protection due to anti-semitic presions and Pogroms. Most of them are forced to convert to Catholicism or be expelled of Spain.
Majorcan Rebellion

(1391)

Location: Balearic Islands

Kingdom of Majorca
Jews
Menestrals [es] and Peasants Nobiliary victory
Crusade of Nicopolis (1396)

Location: Balkans (Modern Bulgaria)

Crusade: Ottoman Empire

Moravian Serbia[40]

Defeat
Aragon Succession War (1396–1398)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Martin of Aragon forces Matthew, Count of Foix forces Victory of Marty of Aragon
Sack of Torreblanca (1398)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Aragon Kingdom of Tlemcen (Zayyanid dynasty) Algerian Victory
Crusade of Tedelis (1398)

Location: North Africa (Algeria), Modern France (Avignon)

Crown of Aragon
Antipope Benedict XIII forces
Kingdom of Tlemcen
 Kingdom of France
Aragonese Victory
Bona crusade (1399)

Location: North Africa (Algeria)

Crown of Aragon Hafsid Dynasty Defeat
Sack of Tétouan (1399)

Location: North Africa (Tétouan, Morocco)

Crown of Castile Marinid Sultanate Castilian victory
Siege of Smyrna (1402)

Location: Anatolia

 Knights Hospitaller

Papal States Republic of Genoa

Crown of Aragon

 Timurid Empire Defeat
Conquest of the Canary Islands
(1402–96)
Location: Africa (Canary Islands)
Crown of Castile Guanches Castilian victory
Battle of Collejares
(1406)

Location: North Africa (Algeria)

Crown of Castile Emirate of Granada Castilian victory
Battle of Sanluri
(1409)

Location: Sardinia

Crown of Aragon
Kingdom of Sicily
Giudicato of Arborea
Republic of Genoa
Aragonese victory
Aragonese Interregnum (1410–1412)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Cortes Loyals to Ferdinand of Antequera

Supported by:
Crown of Castile

Cortes Loyals to James II, Count of Urgell Victory of Ferdinand Antequera, who swears to the Catalan constitutions in the Courts of 1413.
Sixth siege of Gibraltar

(1411)

Location: Iberian Peninsula, Strait of Gibraltar

Emirate of Granada Marinid Sultanate Granada victory
  • End of Moroccan interventions on European Al-Andalus affairs.
Count of Urgell's revolt

(1413–14)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Aragon

Supported by:
Kingdom of Castile

James II, Count of Urgell forces

Supported by:
Kingdom of England

Victory
Battle of La Rochelle (1419)

Location: Modern France

Crown of Castile County of Flanders
Hanseatic League
Castilian victory
Mediterranean Campaign of Alfonso V (1420–24)

Location: Mediterranean Sea and Italian Peninsula

Crown of Aragon

Angevin Kingdom of Naples (until 1423)

County of Provenze [fr]

Angevin Kingdom of Naples (since 1423)

Republic of Genoa

Papal States

Corsicans allies

Defeat
Wars in Lombardy

(1423–1454)

Location: Mediterranean Sea and Italian Peninsula

Venetian Republic

Florentine Republic (until 1450)

Crown of Aragon

Duchy of Savoy

March of Montferrat

Duchy of Milan

Republic of Genoa

Marquisate of Mantua

Republic of Lucca

Republic of Siena

Florentine Republic (from 1450)

Kingdom of France

Stalemate
Aragonese expedition to Tunisia (1424)

Location: North Africa (Tunisia)

Crown of Aragon Hafsid dynasty Aragonese victory
Castilian–Aragonese War [es]
(1429–32)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Castile Crown of Aragon

Kingdom of Navarre

Castilian victory
Battle of La Higueruela
(1431)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Nasrid dynasty Castilian victory
Irmandiño revolts (1431–69)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile

Kingdom of Portugal
Supported by:
Andrade, Lemos and Moscoso families

Galician rebels Castilian victory
Aragonese expedition to Tunisia

(1432)

Location: North Africa, Tunisia

Crown of Aragon Hafsid dynasty Aragonese victory
Aragonese conquest of Naples

(1435–42)

Location: Mediterranean Sea (Tyrrhenian Sea) and Southern Italy

Crown of Aragon

Duchy of Milan

Kingdom of Naples

Republic of Genoa
Papal States

Aragonese victory
Castilian Civil War of 1437–1445

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Castile Part of the Castilian nobility

Supported by:

Victory of the side of John II of Castile and his valido Álvaro de Luna.
Nobiliiary Revolt

(1438–45)
Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Castile Crown of Aragon Castilian victory
Skanderbeg's rebellion[41]

(1443–68)

Location: Balkans (Modern Albania, North Macedonia, Montenegro, and Kosovo)

League of Lezhë

Crown of Aragon (since 1450)[42][43][44][45]

 Republic of Venice (since 1463)

 Ottoman Empire

 Republic of Venice (1447–1448)

Albanese victory
Aragonese–Hungarian skirmishes

(1447-1456)[47][48][49]

Crown of Aragon

Hungarian Alfonso-party:[49]

Hungarian Władysław III of Poland-party
Ladislaus the Posthumous of Austria-party
Defeat
Aragonese-Venice War

(1449–50)[50]

Location: Adriatic Sea

Crown of Aragon  Republic of Venice Kingdom of Bosnia[44][51]
 Ottoman Empire
Indecisive
Forana Revolt

(1450–53)

Location: Balearic Islands

Kingdom of Majorca
  • NobilityItalian mercenaries
Peasants of Part Forana and Artesans of Mallorca Nobiliary victory
Navarrese Civil War
(1451–64)

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Pyrenees

Forces of Charles IV of Navarre
Crown of Castile
Forces of John II of Aragon
Crown of Aragon
County of Foix
Victory for John II of Aragon
Battle of Los Alporchones
(1452)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Kingdom of Castile Emirate of Granada Castilian victory
Catalan-Genoese War

(1454–58)[53]
Location: Mediterranean Sea

Crown of Aragon

 Republic of Venice

Republic of Genoa

Angevin Dynasty

Stalemate
Enrique IV war of Granada
(1455–58)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Castile Emirate of Granada Inconclusive
Angevin-Aragonese War (1460–1464)

Location: Italian Peninsula and Mediterranean Sea

Aragonese Dynasty

Duchy of Milan

Papal States

Angevin Dynasty

Principality of Taranto

Victory
Catalan uprising of 1460-1461 [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Principality of Catalonia Catalan elite Inconclusive
Catalan Civil War
(1462–72)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Principality of Catalonia
Crown of Castile
Kingdom of Portugal

Duchy of Lorraine

Forces of John II of Aragon
Kingdom of France
Victory for John II of Aragon
Ottoman–Venetian War (1463–1479)

Location: Morea (Peloponnese), Negroponte (Euboea), Albania, Aegean Sea, Anatolia, Balkan and the Black Sea.

 Republic of Venice

Papal States

League of Lezhë

Principality of Zeta

Kingdom of Hungary

Sovereign Military Order of Malta Knights Hospitaller[54]

Crown of Aragon[54]

Kingdom of Naples

Aq Qoyunlu

Duchy of Burgundy Duchy of Burgundy[55]

 Holy Roman Empire[56]

Principality of Moldavia

Kingdom of Croatia

Duchy of Saint Sava

Kingdom of France[57]

Republic of Ragusa

Grand Duchy of Lithuania[56]

Crown of Castile

Florence[56]

Karamanids

Maniots

Greek rebels

 Ottoman Empire Defeat
Conflict over the succession of Henry IV of Castile [es]

(1465–1474)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Crown of Castile Liga Nobiliaria
  • Royalist victory of Henry IV against Liga Nobiliaria supporter of Alfonso of Castile during the 1st phase (Farce of Ávila).
  • Inconclussive after death of Henry IV, starting a new phase as the War of the Castilian Succession between Joanna and Isabella.
Sardinian Revolt (1470–1478)

Location: Sardinia

Crown of Aragon Sardinian rebels led by Leonardo Alagon Victory
Aragonese-French conflict over Perpignan

(1473–1493)

Crown of Aragon Kingdom of France Stalemate
War of the Castilian Succession
(1475–79)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Isabella Supporters
Crown of Aragon
Juana Supporters
Kingdom of Portugal
Kingdom of France
Peace Treaty
Siege of Ceuta (1476)[58]

Location: North Africa (Ceuta)

Kingdom of Portugal

Crown of Castile (Juana Supporters)

Marinid Sultanate Victory
Battle of Guinea
(1478)

Location: Africa, Gulf of Guinea (Near Elmina)

Crown of Castile Kingdom of Portugal Defeat
Ottoman conquest of Otranto (1480–81)

Location: Italian Peninsula

Kingdom of Naples

Crown of Aragon

Kingdom of Sicily

Kingdom of Hungary

 Papal States

Kingdom of Portugal[59]

 Ottoman Empire Victory
  • Ottomans conquer Otranto and gain foothold in Southern Italy
  • Ottoman garrison surrender the city after 13 months
Granada War
(1482–92)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Castile–Aragon Union
Military Orders
European crusaders
Emirate of Granada Victory
Flemish revolts against Maximilian of Austria[60]

(1483–92)

Burgundian State

 Habsburg Monarchy Supported by: Holy Roman Empire

Kingdom of England

Kingdom of Castile-León

Papal States

Duchy of Brittany

County of Flanders

Supported by:
Kingdom of France

Duchy of Guelders

Pirric Victory
Pallars War (1484–91)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Castile–Aragon Union County of Pallars Sobirà

Supported by:
Kingdom of France

Victory
Mad War (1485–1488)

Location: Western Europe, Modern France

Duchy of Lorraine

Duchy of Brittany

Lordship of Albret

Principality of Orange

County of Angoulême

Supported by:

Holy Roman Empire

Kingdom of England

Kingdom of Castile-León

Kingdom of France Defeat
French-Breton War (1487–1491)

Location: Western Europe, Modern France

Duchy of Brittany

Holy Roman Empire

Kingdom of England

Kingdom of Castile-León

Kingdom of France Defeat
Ottoman expedition on Granada

(1487–1495)

Location: Western Mediterranean Sea (Iberian Peninsula and Italian Peninsula)

Castile–Aragon Union

Republic of Genoa

 Ottoman Empire Supported by: Inconclusive

Catholic Monarchy

[edit]
Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
First Italian War
(1494–1498)

Location: Italian Peninsula, Mediterranean Sea

League of Venice:

 Papal States
 Republic of Venice
 Kingdom of Naples
Kingdoms of Spain
Duchy of Milan
 Holy Roman Empire
 Republic of Florence
Duchy of Mantua
 Kingdom of England (from 1496)

 Kingdom of France

Duchy of Milan (before 1495)

Victory
  • Forced French retreat
Spanish conquest of Haiti[61]
(1494–1509)
Location: Americas, Caribbean Sea, Hispaniola
 Crown of Castile Taínos Victory
Conquest of Melilla
(1497)

Location: North Africa

Castile and Aragon Wattasid dynasty Victory
Rebellion of the Alpujarras

(1499–1501)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Castile–Aragon Union Muslims of Granada Victory
  • Rebellion defeated
  • Mass forced conversions of all Muslims in Granada
Second Ottoman–Venetian War
(1499–1503)

Location: Adriatic, Ionian and Aegean Seas

 Republic of Venice
Castile and Aragon
 Ottoman Empire Defeat
Second Italian War
(1499–1501)

Location: Italian Peninsula, Mediterranean Sea

Victory,
Kemal Reis' raids on Western Mediterranean and Atlantic Sea

(1501)

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Balearic Islands, Canary Islands

Castile and Aragon

Republic of Genoa Venice

 Ottoman Empire Supported by:

Moriscos

Victory
Third Italian War
(1502–1504)

Location: Italian Peninsula

Castile and Aragon  Kingdom of France Victory
Guelders Wars

(1502–1543)

Location: Low Countries, Frisia

Habsburg:

 Habsburg Monarchy

Spain

County of Holland

County of Flanders

Duchy of Brabant

Duchy of Luxemburg


Imperial Frisia (Saxony) (1514–15)
Bishopric of Utrecht (1508–28)
Guelders:

Duchy of Guelders

Groningen & Ommelanden (1514–36)

Frisian rebels (1514–23)

Jülich-Cleves-Berg (1538–43)

Supported by:

Kingdom of France


County of East Frisia (1514–17)
Utrecht rebel groups (1520–28)
Habsburg victory
  • Guelders, Utrecht, Frisia and Groningen annexed
  • Overijssel and Drenthe detached from Utrecht
  • Jülich and East Frisia remain independent
Spanish crusade[62]
(1503–12)

Location: North Africa (modern Maghreb countries), Mediterranean Sea

 Crown of Castile
Crown of Aragon
Kingdom of Tlemcen
Hafsid dynasty

Wattasid dynasty

Victory
War of the League of Cambrai
(1508–16)

Location: Western Europe (Italian Peninsula, Iberian Peninsula, Modern France and England)

1508–10:
 Venice
1510–11:
 Papal States
 Venice
1511–13:
Holy League:
 Papal States
 Venice
Spain
 Holy Roman Empire
 England
Old Swiss Confederacy Swiss mercenaries
1513–16:
 Papal States
Spain
 Holy Roman Empire
 England
Duchy of Milan
Old Swiss Confederacy Swiss mercenaries
1508–10:
League of Cambrai:
 Papal States
 France
 Holy Roman Empire
Spain
Duchy of Ferrara
1510–11:
 France
Duchy of Ferrara
1511–13:
 France
Duchy of Ferrara

 Scotland  Florence 1513–16:
 Venice
 France
Duchy of Ferrara

Defeat
Spanish conquest of Puerto Rico[61]
(1508–1511)

Location: Americas, Caribbean Sea, Puerto Rico

 Crown of Castile Taínos Victory
Sack of Niebla

(1508)Location: Iberian Peninsula

Castile and Aragon Duke of Medina Sidonia Victory
Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre (1512–1529)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Castile and Aragon  Kingdom of Navarre
 France
Victory
Spanish conquest of Cuba[61]
(1511–13)

Location: Americas, Caribbean Sea, Cuba

 Crown of Castile Taínos Victory
Taíno rebellion of 1511
(1511–18)

Location: Americas, Caribbean Sea, Puerto Rico

 Crown of Castile Taínos of Boriken and allies from The Antilles Victory
  • Tainos are exiled and still fighting outside until 1529.
Spanish conquest of the Maya

(1511–1697)

Location: Mesoamerica and Central America

Spain Late Postclassic Maya states Victory
Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre

(1511–1529)

Location: Pyrenees

Spain Kingdom of Navarre

Supported by:

 France

Castilian-Aragonese victory
  • Navarre south of the Pyrenees is annexed to Spain, while north of the Pyrenees to France.

Habsburg Spain

[edit]
Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Spanish-Ottoman Wars of 1515–1577

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Southern Europe, North Africa

 Spanish Empire

Supported by:

Holy Roman Empire Holy Roman Empire

Sovereign Military Order of Malta Malta

 Republic of Genoa

 Monaco

 Papal States

Republic of Florence

Hafsid Kingdom

 Ottoman Empire

Supported by:

 France

Inconclusive
Spanish-Algerian war (1516–1518)

Location: North Africa

 Spain

Kingdom of Tlemcen

Regency of Algiers

Kingdom of Kuku

Hispano-Zayyanid Victory
Spanish-Ottoman War (1518–1519)

Location: North Africa

 Spain

Kingdom of Sicily Kingdom of Sicily


Kingdom of Kuku
 Ottoman Empire Stalemate:
Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire
(1519–21)

Location: Mesoamerica (ModernMexico)

Spain Spanish conquistadores

Indian auxiliaries

 Aztec Empire Victory
  • Aztec empire is annexed to Spanish Empire
Revolt of the Brotherhoods
(1519–23)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Empire of Charles V Germanies Royalist victory
Revolt of the Comuneros
(1520–21)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Empire of Charles V Castilian rebels Royalist victory
Indigenous Rebellion of 1520 Spain Spanish conquistadores caribes, tagares and aruacas Defeat
  • Spaniards retreat and punish Antonio Flores for killing an indigenous Cacique.
Italian War of 1521–1526
(1521–1526)

Location: Western Europe (Italian Peninsula, Iberian Peninsula, Modern France and Low Countries)

Spain Spain

 Holy Roman Empire
 England
 Papal States (1521–1523 and 1525–1526)

 France

 Republic of Venice

 Papal States (1524–1525)

Marquisate of Saluzzo

Habsburg Victory
Green Banner Mutiny

(1521)

Location: Iberian Peninsula, Seville

 Spain Andalusian rebels Government victory
Battle of Mactan (1521)

Location: Asia, Philippine Islands

Spain Spain
Rajahnate of Cebu
Kedatuan of Mactan Defeat
1521 Santo Domingo Slave Revolt (1521)

Location: Americas, Caribbean Sea, Hispaniola

Spain Spain African slaves Victory
Moluccas issue

(1521–1529)

Location: Asia, Maluku Islands (modern Indonesia)

Spain Spain Portugal Portuguese Empire Stalemate
Tidore-Ternate conflicts (1521–1667)[63][64]

Location: Asia, Maluku Islands and Philippine Islands

Sultanate of TidoreSupported by:

Spain Spain

Jailolo Sultanate (until 1536)

Sultanate of Bacan (1521–1557; 1583–1609)

Sultanate of Ternate

Supported by:

Portugal Portuguese Empire (until 1605)

Dutch Republic Dutch Empire (since 1605)

Sultanate of Bacan (1557–1583; 1609–1667)

Stalemate
Spanish conquest of the Tarascan empire

(1522–1530)

Location: Mesoamerica (ModernMexico)

 Spain

Indian auxiliaries

Purépecha Empire Victory
Spanish conquest of Chiapas
(1523–1695)

Location: Mesoamerica (ModernMexico)

 Spain

Indian auxiliaries

Zoque people

Chiapaneca people Independent Maya, including:

Spanish conquest of Yucatán
(1523–1547)

Location: Mesoamerica (ModernMexico)

 Spain

Indian auxiliaries

Mayan tribes Victory
Spanish conquest of Guatemala
(1524–1667)

Location: Central America

 Spain

Indian auxiliaries

Independent indigenous kingdoms and city-states Victory
Spanish conquest of El Salvador
(1524–1539)

Location: Central America

 Spain

Indian auxiliaries

Indigenous peoples of El Salvador, including: Victory
Spanish conquest of Honduras

(1524 – c. 1539)

Location: Central America

 Spain Indigenous peoples of Honduras, including: Victory
Spanish Expedition to Chesapeake Bay

(1526)

Location: North America (Modern South Carolina)

 Spain Hostile Natives
African rebels
Spanish mutineers
Defeat
War of the League of Cognac
(1526–30)

Location: Italian Peninsula

Spain Spain

 Holy Roman Empire
 Republic of Genoa (1528–1530)

Duchy of Ferrara

Duchy of Mantua (1528–1530)

 France

 Papal States

 Republic of Venice
Republic of Florence
 Kingdom of England

 Republic of Genoa (1526–1528)

Kingdom of Navarre
Duchy of Milan

Victory
Ottoman–Habsburg wars
(1526–1791)

Location: Eastern Europe, Central Europe, Southern Europe, North Africa, Mediterranean Sea, Indian Ocean, Southeast Asia

Habsburg Dynasty:

 Holy Roman Empire

Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Hungary

 Spanish Empire
Non-Habsburg allies:
Moldavia
Transylvania
 Wallachia
Tsardom of Russia
Cossack Hetmanate (Muscovite and Polish vassals)
Holy League Allies:
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Duchy of Mantua
 Republic of Venice
Sovereign Military Order of Malta Order of Saint John

 Ottoman Empire

Vassals:

Victory

End of Ottoman expansion

Hungarian Civil War (1526–1538)

Location: Eastern Europe and Central Europe (Modern Hungary, Croatia, Romania and Austria)

Kingdom of Hungary Western Hungarian Kingdom

Supported by:

 Holy Roman Empire Empire of Charles V

 Papal States

Serbian rebels

Eastern Hungarian Kingdom

Supported by:

 Ottoman Empire

 Kingdom of France

Stalemate
  • Hungary was divided into larger Ottoman and smaller Habsburg spheres of influence, as well as a semi-independent Hungarian vassal state of Transylvania.
  • Treaty of Nagyvárad divided Hungary between them. Ferdinand recognized Zápolya as John I, King of Hungary and ruler of two-thirds of the Kingdom, while Zápolya conceded the rule of Ferdinand over western Hungary, and recognized him as heir to the Hungarian throne, since Zápolya was childless.
Espadán Rebellion (1526)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Spain Spain Morisco Crown victory
Narváez expedition (1528–36)

Location: North America (modern Southern United States)

 Spain Tocobaga

Uzita
Apalachee
Timucua
Autes

Inconclusive
  • Spanish troops lost the route after a hurricane and return by land to Mexico.
First Austro-Turkish War (1529–1533)

Location: Central Europe (Modern Austria and Southern Germany)

Empire of Charles V

 Holy Roman Empire

 Papal States

 Ottoman Empire

Eastern Hungarian Kingdom

Stalemate
Spanish-Ottoman War (1529–1541)

Location: Mediterranean Sea and North Africa

Empire of Charles V

Papal States Papal States

Kingdom of Portugal

 Knights of Malta

 Kingdom of France (until 1534)

Hafsid dynasty

Kingdom of Kuku

Kabyle people

 Ottoman Empire

Kingdom of Tlemcen

Banu Rashid

Arab irregulars

 Kingdom of France (since 1535)

Stalemate
Ternatean–Portuguese conflicts (1530–1605)

Location: Asia, Maluku Islands and Philippine Islands

Portugal Portuguese Empire

Spain Spain (since 1580)

Sultanate of Ternate

Spain Spain (from 1533 to 1536)

Dutch Republic Dutch Empire (since 1605)

Defeat
  • The Portuguese settlers with their families were forced to leave Tidore for Manila.
  • Establishment of Dutch-Ternate alliance against Iberian alliance.
  • Response with the Spanish conquest of the Moluccas.
Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire
(1531–72)

Location: South America (Modern Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, southern Colombia, northern Chile and northwest Argentina)

Spain Spanish conquistadores

Indian auxiliaries

 Inca Empire (until 1535)
 Neo-Inca State (since 1536)
Victory
Yaqui Wars

(1533–1929)

Location: North America

Spain Spanish Empire (until 1821)
 Mexico (since 1821)
 United States (since 1896)
Yaqui Stalemate

Mexican-American victory

Dutch-Hanseatic Corsair War

(1532–1534)[68]

Empire of Charles V

Holstein

 England (until 1533)

Supported by:

Denmark-Norway [Catholics]

Hanseatic League

 England (since 1533)

Supported by:

Sweden

Denmark-Norway [Protestants]

Military inconclussive, Political Victory
  • Marx Meier successfully sacks the Spanish Fleets on the Baltic and English Coasts while Protestant Reformation still ongoing in Nordic countries, but Hanseatic League start to decline in Northern Europe (in favour of Dutch, Danes and Swedes) and it is isolated of support from the German enemies of Charles V.[70]
  • The Council of Lübeck, beside the attitude of Jürgen Wullenwever (mayor of Lübeck) accept a Ceasefire offer in March 1534, and also changed sides in the Denmark Succession Conflict and joins to the Count's Feud in favour of Cristian II (so, the conflict ended de facto as both were in the same side in the new Conflict, but legally would continue 4 years more). Also Peace of Stockeldorf with Holstein
  • Dutch and Spanish ships can cross the Øresund Strait and commerce in Eastern Baltic Sea, declining the Hanseatic Monopoly.
  • End of the economical supremacy of Lubeck over the Hanseatic League, and also fall of Jürgen Wullenwever.
Count's Feud

(1534–1536)

Location: Northern Europe (Denmark)

Christian II (Catholics)

County of Oldenburg

Free City of Lübeck

 Scania

 Malmö

 Copenhagen

Zealand

Supported by:

Norwegian nobles[71]

Empire of Charles V

Christian III (Protestants)

Schleswig

Holstein

Sweden

Duchy of Prussia

Jutland

Funen

Supported by:

Norwegian nobles[72]

Duchy of Guelders

Defeat
Iguape War

(1534–1536)

Location: Southern Brazil

Spain Spanish Empire

Indian auxiliaries

Portugal Portuguese Empire Defeat
Expedition of Francisco Vázquez de Coronado

(1535–1554)

Location: North America

 Spain

Indian auxiliaries

Pueblo

Zuni people

Stalemate
Sicily Mutiny

(1535)
Location: Sicily

 Spain Spain Tercio of Sicily mutineers Rebellion repressed
First attempt of colonizing Buenos Aires

(1536–1541)

Location: Río de la Plata Basin (Modern Argentina)

 Spanish Empire Querandí

Help from:

Charrúa

Guaraní

Chana

Timbú

Defeat
  • Indigenous peoples burned down the city in 1539.
  • The Spanish abandon the city and translate to Asunción in 1541.
Italian War of 1536–1538
(1536–1538)

Location: Southern France, Northern Italy and Mediterranean Sea

 Holy Roman Empire
 Spain
 Kingdom of France
 Ottoman Empire
Defeat
Civil wars between the conquerors of Peru (1537–1554)

Location: South America (Modern Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador and Chile)

Spain Royalists Pizarrists (New Castile)
Almagrists (New Toledo)
Gonzalists
Royalist Victory
Spanish conquest of the Muisca
(1537–1540)

Location: South America (Modern Colombia)

 Spain

Indian auxiliaries

Muisca Confederation Guecha warriors Victory
Spanish conquest of Chaco region

(1537–1800s)

Location: South America, Gran Chaco

 Spain

Jesuit missions

Indian auxiliaries

Gran Chaco people (Guaycuru peoples) Inconclusive due to economical problems after the Expulsion of the Jesuits and the Spanish American wars of independence.
Third Ottoman–Venetian War
(1537–40)

Location: Mediterranean Sea

Holy League:
 Republic of Venice
 Spain
 Republic of Genoa
 Papal States
 Kingdom of Naples
Kingdom of Sicily Kingdom of Sicily
Sovereign Military Order of Malta Knights of Malta
 Ottoman Empire
 France (until 1538)
Defeat
Spanish expedition to North America[73]
(1539–1543)

Location: North America (modern Georgia and South Carolina)

 Spain

Indian auxiliaries

Portugal Portuguese volunteers

Northern Utina
Coosa chiefdom
Tuskaloosa
Chickasaw

Cofitachequi Joara

Defeat and withdrawal of Hernando de Soto.
Grijalva expedition to the equatorial Pacific (1539–42)

Location: Pacific Ocean

 Spain Hostile Indigenous peoples
Spanish mutineers
Inconsclusive due to the loss of the ship in New Guinea.
Revolt of Ghent (1539–1540)

Location: Low Countries and Germany

Empire of Charles V Citizens of Ghent Victory
Mixtón War
(1540–42)

Location: North America

 Spain Caxcanes Victory
Tiguex War
(1540–41)

Location: North America

 Spain Tiwa Indians Victory
Second Austro-Turkish War (1540–1547)

Location: Central Europe and Eastern Europe

Austria Habsburg monarchy

 Holy Roman Empire

Spain Spain

 Papal States

 Ottoman Empire

Eastern Hungarian Kingdom

 France

Defeat
Conquest of Chile (1541–1598)

Location: South America (modern Chile)

Spain Spanish Empire

Indian auxiliaries

Indigenous peoples in Chile Establishment of the Captaincy General of Chile after incorporating the territories up to the Biobío River, avoiding incorporating hostile indigenous people.

Beginning of the Arauco War.

Nachi Cocom's Rebellion

(1542)

Location: Mexico

Spain Spain Cocom Victory
  • Nachi Cocom is vassalized as a Cacique subject to Spanish Monarchy.
Italian War of 1542–1546
(1542–1546)

Location: Western Europe (Iberian Peninsula, Low Countries, England, France)

Spain Spain

 Holy Roman Empire

 Kingdom of England

 France

 Ottoman Empire
Jülich-Cleves-Berg

Denmark-Norway (1542–1543)

Inconclusive
Spanish expedition to Tidore and Papuan Islands of Ruy López de Villalobos (1542–1543)

Location: Pacific Ocean (Modern Indonesia and Papua New Guinea)

Spain Spain Pirates' nest Gebe on Papuan Islands Pirric Victory
1st Communero Rebellion of Paraguay (1544)

Location: South America (Paraguay, North Argentina and Eastern Bolivia)

Spain Spanish Empire Communero rebels Defeat
Attack on Jailolo

(1545)

Location: Maluku Islands

Portugal Portuguese Empire

Spain Spanish Empire

Sultanate of Ternate

Sultanate of Jailolo Defeat
Arauco War
(1546–17th or 18th century)

Location: South America (Modern Chile and Argentina)

Spain Spanish Empire

Indian auxiliaries:

Indigenous people from Araucania and Patagonia: Defeat
  • Spanish Empire renounces the domination of the territories south of the Biobío River and recognizes the independence of the Mapuche tribes of the place.
  • «La Frontera» appears, as a border area between the Captaincy General of Chile and the territory of the Mapuche tribes.
  • Successive peace parliaments between the Spanish Empire and the Mapuche tribes during the conflict.
Schmalkaldic War
(1546–47)

Location: Central Europe (Holy Roman Empire, Modern Germany)

Empire of Charles V:

 Duchy of Saxony (Albertines)
Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Bohemia and other Lands of the Bohemian Crown

 Papal States

Schmalkaldic League:

 Kingdom of England

Victory
The Estates Revolt in Bohemia

(1547)[74]

Location: Central Europe (Holy Roman Empire, Modern Czech Republic)

Empire of Charles V Bohemia Bohemian rebels
 Electorate of Saxony
Victory
Bayano Wars (1548–82)

Location: South America (Modern Colombia)

 Spain Slaves Victory
Chichimeca War
(1550–90)

Location: North America (Modern Mexico)

 Spain Chichimeca (Zacateco, Guachichil, Guamare, Pame) Defeat
Spanish-Ottoman War (1550–1560)

Location: Mediterranean Sea, North Africa and Central Europe (Mostly Hungary)

 Spain

Sovereign Military Order of Malta Knights of Malta

Saadi Sultanate

 Ottoman Empire

Flag of Kingdom of ait abbas Kingdom of Beni Abbas

Kingdom of Kuku

Defeat
  • Béjaïa under Ottoman rule.
  • Ottomans capture Tripoli.
  • Mahdia was abandoned by Spain.
  • Ottomans temporarily occupy parts of the Balearics.
  • Ottoman supremacy on Mediterranean sea seizured until Battle of Lepanto.
Italian War of 1551–1559
(1551–1559)

Location: Western Europe (Italian Peninsula, Low Countries, France)

 Kingdom of France

Republic of Siena
 Ottoman Empire

Papal States

Victory
Second Schmalkaldic War (1552–55)

Location: Central Europe (Holy Roman Empire, Modern Germany)

Empire of Charles V:  Electorate of Saxony

Hesse Hesse

Duchy of Prussia

Electorate of Brandenburg

Principality of Bayreuth

 Kingdom of France

Defeat
Third Austro-Turkish War (1552–1559)

Location: Central Europe and Eastern Europe (Modern Hungary and Romania)

 Holy Roman Empire

Austria Habsburg monarchy

Eastern Hungarian Kingdom (until 1556)

Spain Spain

 Ottoman Empire

Eastern Hungarian Kingdom (since 1556)

 Kingdom of France

Stalemate
Rebellion of Buria

(1555)

Location: Venezuela

 Spain Slave rebels loyals to "Kingdom of Buría" Victory
Bandeirantes raids from Brazil to Spanish domains (1557–18th century)

Location: South America (mostly Amazon rainforest)

 Spain Bandeirantes from Colonial Brazil Stalemate
  • The Amazon is divided between Spain and Portugal with the Treaty of Madrid (1750), as both countries compromissed to stop and punish bandits expeditions from bandeirantes.
Spanish-Ottoman War (1559–1565)[75]

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Iberian Peninsula, North Africa

Spain Spain

Sovereign Military Order of Malta Knights of Malta

 Duchy of Savoy

Republic of Genoa

Grand Duchy of Tuscany Grand Duchy of Tuscany

 Papal States

 Ottoman Empire

Kingdom of Beni Abbas

Kingdom of Kuku

 Kingdom of France

Victory
  • Dragut dies in action leading to conflict between remaining Ottoman generals
  • Myth of Ottoman Invincibility in Europe destroyed
Calchaquí Wars (1560–1667)

Location: South America (modern Argentine Northwest)

Spain Spanish Empire Diaguita Confederation Victory
  • Conquest of Tucuman.
French Wars of Religion
(1562–98)

Location: France and Low Countries

Catholics: Protestants:

Politiques

Inconclusive
  • Uneasy truce.
  • The Edict of Nantes granted the Huguenots substantial rights in certain areas.
  • Paris and other defined territories were declared to be permanently Catholic.
  • Failure of France's enemies to weaken France or to gain territories.
Battle of Gibraltar (1563)

Location: Gibraltar

Spain Spain  England Victory
Rebellion of the Guamares

(1564–1568)Location: Mexico

Spain Spanish Empire Guamare people Victory
Spanish-Chiriguana War (1564–17th century)

Location: South America (Eastern Bolivia)

Spain Spanish Empire Ava Guaraní people Victory
Spanish assault on French Florida (1565)

Location: North America, Florida

Spain Spain  Kingdom of France

Huguenots

Victory
Spanish conquest of the Philippines
(1565–1575)

Location: Southeast Asia, Philippine Islands

Spain Spain Rajahnate of Maynila
Macabebe
Tondo polity
Rahjanate of Cebu
Victory
Spanish–Moro conflict
(1565–1900)

Location: Southeast Asia, Southern Philippine Islands and Borneo Island

Spanish Empire Sultanate of Sulu
Sultanate of Maguindanao
Confederation of sultanates in Lanao

Supported by:

Stalemate
Philippine revolts against Spain
(1567–1872)

Location: Philippines

 Spain Victory
  • Most revolts failed
Spanish expeditions to the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu (1567–1606)

Location: Oceania (Mostly Polynesia)

Spain Spanish Empire Hostile inhabitants of Polynesia Stalemate
  • Failed colonization attempts due to disease and belligerence of the inhabitants, as well as war crimes by explorers that discouraged the enterprise.
Battle of Maracapana (1567/68)

Location: Caribbean Islands

 Spain Indian auxiliaries Kalinago Decisive Spanish victory, dissolution of the Caribbean alliance and flight of the chief Guaicaipuro to Suruapo to be assassinated in 1569.
Battle of San Juan de Ulúa (1568)

Location: Caribbean Sea, Puerto Rico

 Spain  England Victory
Blockade of Cebu (1568)

Location: Philippines

 Spain Portugal Portuguese Empire Victory
Eighty Years' War
(1568–1648)

Western Europe

European Waters

Americas

East Indies

Spain Spanish Empire

 Holy Roman Empire

Portugal Portuguese Empire (since 1580)

 United Provinces

 England
Nassau
 France

Defeat
Morisco Revolt
(1568–1571)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

 Spain Morisco rebels

With the support of:

Victory
Spanish-Ottoman War (1569–1580)[75]

Location: Eastern Mediterranean Sea (Peloponnese) and North Africa

Spain Spain

Sovereign Military Order of Malta Knights of Malta

 Duchy of Savoy

Republic of Genoa

Grand Duchy of Tuscany Grand Duchy of Tuscany

 Republic of Venice

 Papal States

Hafsid dynasty

 Ottoman Empire

Regency of Algiers

Pirric Victory
  • Stop of the Ottoman advance in Europe after the end of its naval superiority. But lost of Spanish conquests in North Africa.
  • Division of the Mediterranean sea into areas of influence: western for Spain (from Iberian Peninsula to Italy) and eastern for the Ottomans (From the Balkans to Anatolia, and North Africa).
  • End of the Spanish-Ottoman proxy conflict for the control of the Mediterranean Sea and Maghreb since 1515.
Fourth Ottoman–Venetian War
(1570–1573)

Location: Ionian Islands and Aegean Sea

Holy League:
 Republic of Venice
Spain Spain


 Papal States
 Republic of Genoa
Tuscany Grand Duchy of Tuscany
Duchy of Urbino
 Duchy of Savoy
Sovereign Military Order of Malta Knights of Malta

 Ottoman Empire Defeat
  • Cyprus under Ottoman rule
Spanish conquest of Mesopotamia

(1573–1583)

Location: South America, Mesopotamia, Argentina

 Spanish Empire

Indian auxiliaries

Charrúan Complex

Querandí

Guaraní

Victory
Limahong raids on the South China Sea

(1572–1574)

Ming China

 Spanish Empire

Indian auxiliaries from Mexico and Philippines

Wokou (Chinese and Japanese pirates)
Moro people revolters
Victory
Castilian War

(1578)

Location: Southeast Asia (Borneo, Mindanao, Sulu)

Spanish Empire

Bruneians who defected to Spain

Bruneian Empire

Sultanate of Sulu

Maguindanao

Supported by:

 Ottoman Empire[78]

Aceh Sultanate Sultanate of Aceh

Status quo ante bellum
  • Bruneian military victory to seize its independence from Spanish Empire. Becoming a city-state until today.
  • Spanish tactical Victory in ending Bruneian empire at sea and its influence on Philippines.
Battle of Alcácer Quibir

(1578)

Portuguese Empire

Saadi allies

Supported by:

Saadi Morocco

Supported by:

Defeat
Expeditions to Chile hostile to Spain during the colony (1578–18th century)

Location: Chile

Spain Spanish Empire European Pirates and Corsairs (mostly English, Dutch and French) Stalemate

Mostly repelled

Second Desmond Rebellion
(1579–1583)

Location: British Isles (Ireland)

FitzGeralds of Desmond

O'Byrnes
 Spain
 Papal States
allied Irish clans

 Kingdom of England
 Kingdom of Ireland
allied Irish clans
Defeat
Revolution of the Seven Chiefs

(1580)

 Spanish Empire Rebel Criollos Victory
War of the Portuguese Succession
(1580–1583)

Location: Iberian Peninsula (mostly Portugal) and Atlantic Ocean

Spain Spain
Portugal Portugal loyal to Philip of Spain
Portugal Portugal loyal to Prior of Crato
 France
 England
 Dutch Republic
Victory
Ribagorza War

(1580–91)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Spain Spanish Crown County of Ribagorza Victory
Chamuscado and Rodríguez Expedition

(1581–82)

Location: North America (modern New Mexico)

Spain Spain

Indian auxiliaries

La Junta Indians

Apache

Pueblo Indians

Uto-Aztecan

Stalemate
  • Spaniards loss some soldiers and couldn't did great demands to the Indigenous peoples in the zone, but success to stablish some settlements in the region.
Viltipoco Rebellion

(1582)

Location: South America (modern Argentine Northwest)

 Spanish Empire Omaguacas Victory
Conflicts against Pirates in Argentina

(1582–1724)

Location: Modern Argentina

 Spanish Empire European Pirates and Corsairs (mostly English, French, Danish and Portuguese) Stalemate

Mostly repelled

  • The island Martín García remains in Spanish control
  • Foundation of Montevideo
1582 Cagayan battles (1582)

Location: Philippines

Spain Spain Japan Wokou (Japanese, Chinese, and Korean pirates) Victory
Ternate expedition (1582)

Location: Maluku Islands

Spain Spain Sultanate of Ternate Defeat
Cologne War
(1583–88)

Location: Germany

Black cross on a white background Ernst of Bavaria Prince-Elector, Cologne, 1583–1612
House of Wittelsbach
Free Imperial City of Cologne
Philip of Spain, and for him:
House of Farnese
House of Isenburg-Grenzau
House of Mansfeld (main line)
House of Berlaymont-Flyon
and others
Black cross on white background Gebhard, Truchsess von Waldburg, Prince-Elector, Cologne 1578–1588
House of Neuenahr-Alpen
House of Waldburg
House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken

House of Nassau
House of Solms-Braunfels and others

Victory
Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)

Location: British Isles, Low Countries, France, Italian Peninsula, Iberian Peninsula, Mediterranean Sea, Atlantic Ocean and Americas

Spain Spanish Empire

Sovereign Military Order of Malta Order of Saint John

co-belligerent

 Kingdom of England
Kingdom of Ireland Ireland
co-belligerent
Indecisive
War of the Three Henrys (1585–1589)

Location: France

Catholics (Henry I, Duke of Guise): Politiques (Henry III of France):

Kingdom of France Kingdom of France


Protestants (Henry of Navarre):
Militar Stalemate

Political Defeat

Sack of Lanzarote (1586)

Location: Canary Islands

Spain Spain Regency of Algiers Defeat
Revolt of the Lakans (1587–1588)

Location: Philippines

Spanish Empire Tondo polity Victory
War of the Succession of Henry IV of France (1589–1594)

Location: France and Low Countries

Catholics:

Catholic League

Spain Spain

Kingdom of France Politiques and Protestants:

Huguenots

 England

Military Inconclusive
  • Start of a Franco-Spanish War in 1595 in defense of Catholic resistance remnants.

Political Defeat

Brittany Campaign (1590–1598)

Location: France (Brittany)

Spanish Empire

Catholic League

Kingdom of France Kingdom of France

Huguenots
 Kingdom of England

Inconclusive
Alterations of Aragon (1591–92)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Spain Spanish Crown Diputación del General del Reino de Aragón Victory
Siamese–Cambodian War (1591–1594)[80]

Location: Southeast Asia (modern Cambodia)

Kingdom of Cambodia

Supported by:

Spanish Empire

Ayutthaya Kingdom Defeat
Luxemburg campaigns (1593–1595)

Location: Low Countries (Modern Luxembourg and Belgium)

Spain Spain

Prince-Bishopric of Liège (1595)[81]

Dutch States Army

Duchy of Bouillon

Kingdom of France (1595)

Victory
Sino-Spanish conflicts

(1593–18th century)

Location: Philippine Sea

Spanish Empire Ming China

Supported by:

Chinese in the Philippines[82]

Sultanate of Sulu

Victory
  • Chinese attempts to conquer the islands are cancelled.
  • Anti-Spanish revolts from Chinese colonies in the Philippines are defeated.
  • Pagan chineses are expelled from the islands after Anti-Chinese paranoia on Spanish governors.
Cambodian–Spanish War
(1593–97)

Location: Southeast Asia (ModernCambodia)

Spanish Empire

Cambodian allies

Japanese mercenaries

Cambodia

Supported by:

Ayutthaya Kingdom

Johor Sultanate (Muslim Malay merchants)

Kingdom of Champa (Muslim Cham merchants)

Defeat
Long Turkish War (1593–1606)

Location: Eastern Europe (mostly modern Romania)

 Holy Roman Empire

Principality of Transylvania

 Wallachia

 Moldavia

 France

 Spain

Zaporozhian Cossacks

Serbian hajduks

Papal States Papal States

Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire Inconclusive
Humana and Leyva expedition

(1594–1595)Location: North America (modern New Mexico)

Spain Spain

Pueblo Indians

Apache Defeat
Irish Nine Years' War
(1594–1603)

Location: Ireland (island)

Alliance of Gaelic Irish clans
Spain Spain
Scottish Gaelic mercenaries
 Kingdom of England
 Kingdom of Ireland
Defeat
Franco-Spanish War (1595–1598)

Location: France and Low Countries

Spain Spanish Empire Kingdom of France Kingdom of France
Huguenots
 Kingdom of England

 Dutch Republic

Defeat
Conquest of New Mexico

(1598–1606)

Location: North America (Great Plains)

Spain Spanish Empire

Indian auxiliaries

Pueblo Indians

Hopi Zuni Apache Wichita people Escanjaque


Spain Spanish slavers and mutineers
Victory
Acoma War
(1598–99)

Location: North America

Spain Spanish Empire Acoma Victory
Destruction of the Seven Cities

(1598–1600)

Location: Southern Chile

Spain Spanish Empire Mapuche people

Huilliche people

Defeat
  • Spaniards are expelled of the region, being Biobío River the new frontier between Spanish Empire and Araucan indigenous domains.
Spanish-Portuguese conflict on China (1598–1600)

Location: China

Spain Spanish Empire Portuguese Empire Defeat
  • End of Spain's attempts to circumvent the restrictions placed on them from reaching China.
  • Portuguese monopoly on the 16th century China trade seizured.
Franco-Savoyard War (1600–1601)

Location: Northern Italy

 Duchy of SavoySupported by:Spain Spain  France Stalemate
Apache–Mexico Wars (1600–1915)

Location: North America

 Crown of Castile
(1600–1716)
 Spain
(1716–1821)
 Mexico
(1821–1915)
 United States
(1850–1924)
 Confederate States (1861–1865)
Apache Spanish/Mexican victory
Navajo Wars
(1600–1866)

Location: North America

 Crown of Castile
(1600–1716)
 Spain
(1716–1821)
 Mexico
(1821–1848)
 United States
(1849–1866)
Navajo United States victory
Acaxee Rebellion
(1601–1603)

Location: North America

Spain Spanish Empire Acaxee Indians Victory
Spanish expedition to Florida of 1601

Location: North America, Spanish missions in Georgia

Spain Spanish Empire Hostile Indians Victory
Igorot revolt (1601)

Location: Philippines

Spain Spanish Empire Igorot people rebel forces Defeat
Dutch–Portuguese War
(1602–63)

Location: South America (mostly Modern Brazil), Atlantic Ocean, Africa (mostly Modern Angola), Asia (mostly Modern India, China, Indonesia)

Portugal Kingdom of Portugal

Supported by:

 Dutch Republic

Supported by:

Pirric Victory
Battle of L'Escalade

(1602)

Location: Geneva, Switzerland

 Duchy of Savoy Spain Spanish Empire Old Swiss Confederacy Old Swiss Confederacy Defeat
  • Savoy fails in their attempt to conquer Geneva, and the Spanish Road is closed in the Western Alps route.
Sangley Rebellion (1603)

Location: Philippines

Spain Spanish Empire

Japan Japanese mercenaries

Chinese rebels Victory
Antarctic Expedition of the Armada del Mar del Sur to the South Seas and Terra Australis (1603)

Location: South America and Antarctic seas

Spain Spanish Empire Dutch Republic Dutch corsairs Inconclusive
Moroccan civil war (1603–1627)[84][85][86][87][88]

Location: North Africa, Morocco

Mohammed esh Sheikh el Mamun and Abdallah al-Ghalib II forces from Fez

Supported by:

Zidan Abu Maali forces from Marrakesh
Sidi al-Ayachi rebel forces

Supported by:


Ahmed ibn Abi Mahalli rebel forces[90]
Military Defeat

Economical Victory

Spanish-Barbary Wars (1605–1792)

Location: North Africa (Barbary Coast)

Spain Spanish Empire

Supported by:

 Papal States

 Kingdom of France

Knights Hospitaller  Kingdom of Sicily

Tuscany

Portugal Kingdom of Portugal

Barbary Coast

Supported by:

 Ottoman Empire

Barbary pirates

 Great Britain

Stalemate and mostly Status quo ante bellum
Devastations of Osorio (1605–1606)

Location: Hispaniola

Spain Spanish Empire Pirates Defeat
  • Pirate settlements aren't dismantled.
Spanish conquest of Ternate and Jailolo (1606–1611)

Location: Southeast Asia, Maluku Islands (modern Indonesia)

Spain Spanish Empire

Japan Japanese mercenaries

Sultanate of Ternate

Moro people

Dutch Republic Dutch Empire

Victory
  • Sultan Saidi Berkat captured by Pedro Bravo de Acuña and exiled to Manila.
  • Mole Majimu took over or received back a number of territories previously held by Ternate, such as parts of Makian, Mayu island, and a section of Morotai.
  • Start of Spanish-Ternatean conflicts until the 1660s, through Mudafar Syah I proclamation of Sultan of Ternate with Dutch recognition.
  • The island was divided between the two powers: the Spaniards were allied with Tidore and the Dutch with their Ternaten allies. Spanish colonization until 1663.
Japanese insurrection in Philippines (1606)

Location: Philippines

Spain Spanish Empire Japan Japanese in the Philippines Inconclusive
War of the Jülich Succession
(1609–1614)

Location: Germany

1610:
Supporting Emperor Rudolf:
 Holy Roman Empire
Principality of Strasbourg
Prince-Bishopric of Liège

1613–1614:
Supporting Wolfgang William:
Spain Spain
Palatinate-Neuburg
Catholic League

1610:
Opposed to Emperor Rudolph:
Margraviate of Brandenburg
Palatinate-Neuburg
 United Provinces
 Kingdom of France
 England
Protestant Union

1613–1614:
Supporting John Sigismund:
Margraviate of Brandenburg
 United Provinces
 England
Protestant Union

Victory
Spanish-Ottoman War (1610–1614)[75]

Location: Mediterranean Sea and Balkans (near modern Turkey and Greece)

Spain Spain

Greek and Albanian rebels

 Ottoman Empire Spanish victory
War of the Montferrat Succession (1613–1617)

Location: Italian Peninsula

Supporting the Duke of Mantua:

Duchy of Mantua

Montferrat

Tuscany (1613)

Spain Spanish Empire

 France (1613–14)

 Holy Roman Empire

 Kingdom of Naples

 Genoa

Supporting the Duke of Savoy:

 Duchy of Savoy

Montferrat

Tuscany (1613)

 France (1615–17)

 Venice

Victory

Peace of Asti

Dutch-Ternatean invasions of Spanish Tindore (1613–1614)

Location: Molucca Sea, Maluku Islands (Modern Indonesia)

Spain Spanish Empire Dutch Republic Dutch Empire Victory
  • Dutch presence on Tidore Island ended in 1621.
Conquest of La Mamora
(1614)

Location: North Africa (Morocco)

 Spain Saadi dynasty Victory
Slaying of the Spaniards

(1615)

 Spain Denmark Denmark–Norway Defeat
Uskok War (1615–1617)

Location: Adriatic Sea (near modern Croatia)

Kingdom of Croatia

Spain Spanish Empire

 Holy Roman Empire

Aragonese Flag Republic of Venice

 United Provinces
 England

Victory
Battle of Cape Celidonia (1616)

Location: Mediterranean Sea (near modern Turkey)

Spain Spanish Empire  Ottoman Empire Victory
Raid on Constantinople (1616)

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Bosporus and Egypt

Spain Spanish Empire  Ottoman Empire Victory
Spanish-Venetian War (1617–1621)[75][96]

Location: Adriatic Sea (near modern Croatia)

Spain Spanish Empire Aragonese Flag Republic of Venice

Supported by:

 United Provinces

 Ottoman Empire

Inconclusive due to Conspiracy of Venice.
Tepehuán Revolt
(1616–1620)

Location: North America

Spain Spanish Empire Tepehuánes Victory
Spanish conquest of Petén
(1618–1697)

Location: Central America

 Spain Independent Maya, including: Victory
Spanish-Ottoman War (1618–1619)[75] Location: Mediterranean Sea Spain Spanish Empire  Ottoman Empire Inconclusive
Thirty Years' War
(1618–48)

Location: All Europe: Central Europe (modern Czech Republic, Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Hungary), Eastern Europe (modern Romania), Italian Peninsula, Low Countries, France, Scandinavia, Iberian Peninsula, English Channel, Baltic Sea and Mediterranean Sea. Also the Americas

Catholic/Imperials

1618–1625
 Holy Roman Empire Electorate of Bavaria
Catholic League
Spain Spanish Empire

Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Hungary
 Saxony
1625–1629
 Holy Roman Empire
Catholic League
1630–1635
 Holy Roman Empire
Catholic League

Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Hungary
Spain Spanish Empire
1635–1648
 Holy Roman Empire
Spain Spanish Empire

Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Hungary

Supported by:

Protestant/Anti-Habsburg

1618–1625
Bohemia Bohemia
Electorate of the Palatinate
Transylvania
 United Provinces
 England
Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire
1625–1629
Denmark Denmark–Norway
 United Provinces
 England
1630–1635
Sweden Sweden
 Saxony
Brandenburg-Prussia
1635–1648
 France
Sweden Sweden

Transylvania

Supported by:

Defeat
Bündner Wirren

(1618–1639)

Location: Switzerland (Grisons)

Grison rebels

 Holy Roman Empire

Spain Spain

The Three Leagues

 France

 Venice

 Savoy

Stalemate
  • Capitulation of Milan
  • The subjugated territories were returned to the Three Leagues after expelling the French, but with restrictions on the sovereign rights of the leagues (the Three Leagues effectively became a protectorate of Austria and Spain).
  • The Spanish representative in the Duchy of Milan was granted a right of supervision over the administration of Graubünden and a right of protection over Catholic subjects. Spain also received permission to recruit mercenaries and the right to use roads and mountain passes. These should remain closed to all enemies of Spain
Valtellina War
(1620–26)

Location: Switzerland and Northern Italy

 Papal States
 Holy Roman Empire

Spain Spain

 Republic of Genoa

The Three Leagues

 France
 Venice
 Savoy

Defeat
  • Treaty of Monzón
  • France prevents Habsburg total control of Valtellina by soliciting the Papal troops to occupy Valtellina
  • The territory was "definitively" ceded to the Grisons in 1639 with the only condition that the practice of the Catholic religion be respected in this valley.
Tamblot Uprising (1621)

Location: Philippines

Spain Spanish Empire Pagans forces (mostly Boholanos) lidered by the babaylan Tamblot Victory
Anglo-Persian capture of Hormuz[97](1622)

Location: West Asia, Strait of Hormuz

Spain Iberian Union

Kingdom of Ormus

Safavid Persia

East India Company

Defeat
War of the Vicuñas and Basques

(1622–1625)

Location: South America (modern Bolivia)

Spain Spanish Empire "Vicuñas" Victory of the Government
Sacalum Rebellion

(1624)

Location: Mesoamerica

Spain Spanish Empire Maya peoples Victory
Spanish-Siam War (1624–1636)[98][99][100]Location: Southeast Asia (modern Thailand) Spain Iberian Union  Siam

Dutch Republic Dutch East India Company

Defeat
First Genoese–Savoyard War
(1625)

Location: Italian Peninsula

 Spain
 Republic of Genoa
 Kingdom of France
 Duchy of Savoy
Victory
Anglo-Spanish War (1625–30)

Location: Low Countries, Atlantic Ocean (English Channel), Americas (Spanish Main) and Iberian Peninsula

Spain Spain  England
 United Provinces
Victory[104]
Spanish expedition to Formosa
(1626)

Location: Modern Taiwan

Spain Spanish Empire Kingdom of Middag Victory
War of the Mantuan Succession
(1628–31)

Location: Italian Peninsula

Supporting the Duke of Guastalla: Supporting the Duke of Nevers: Defeat
  • Duke of Nevers recognized as ruler of Mantua
Polish-Spanish joint fleet operations in the North

(1628–32)[105][106][107]

Location: North and Baltic Sea, North European Plain

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

Spain Iberian/Spanish Empire

Supported by:

 Holy Roman Empire

Catholic League

Sweden Sweden

Denmark Denmark–Norway
 United Provinces

 England

Supported by:

 Kingdom of Scotland
Protestant German States

Defeat
Motim das Maçarocas

(1629)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Spain Iberian Union Portugal Portuguese independentists Victory
Jolo expedition (1630) Spain Spanish Empire Sultanate of Sulu Defeat
Republic of Salé Internal conflicts (1630–1668)[89][108][109][110][111][112][113]Location: North Africa Morisco/Andalusians party

Supported by:


Saadi Sultanate
Republic of Salé

Supported by:


Alawi
Stalemate
Salt Tax Revolt

(1631–34)

Location: Iberian Peninsula (Portugal)

 Spain Biscayan rebels Victory
Naval war on Lake Constance

(1632–1648)

Location: Lake Constance

 Holy Roman Empire

Spain Spanish Empire


Old Swiss Confederacy Old Swiss Confederacy
  • Catholic Cantons
Württemberg

Sweden Sweden

 France


Old Swiss Confederacy Old Swiss Confederacy
  • Protestant Cantons
Stalemate
War of Ten Years

(1634–1644)

Location: Franche-Comté

Spain Spanish Empire

 Holy Roman Empire

 France
 Saxony
Sweden Sweden
Statu quo ante bellum
  • Spain maintains the control of the Franche-Comté, but the region was devastated and in economic ruin.
Franco-Spanish War (1635–59)

Location: Iberian Peninsula (mostly Catalonia), Pyrenees, Italian Peninsula, Northern France, Rhineland, Low Countries, Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea

Spain Spanish Empire

Modena and Reggio (1635–46)

 Holy Roman Empire (until 1648)

English Royalists (from 1657)[114]

 France
Dutch Republic (until 1648)
 Duchy of Savoy
Duchy of Modena (1647–1649 and 1655–1659)
 Duchy of Parma (1635–1637)
 Commonwealth of England (1654–59)
Principality of Catalonia (from 1640)

Kingdom of Portugal (1640–59)

Defeat
Capture of Tortuga

(1635)

Location: Caribbean

Spain Spanish Empire  France  England Victory
Manuelinho Revolt

(1637)

Location: Iberian Peninsula (Portugal)

Spain Iberian Union Portugal Portuguese independentists Victory
Sack of Calpe (1637)

Location: Iberian Peninsula (Valencia)

 Spain Algerian Barbary pirates Defeat
Spanish campaigns in Lanao (1637–1639)

Location: Philippines

Spain Spanish Empire Confederate States of Lanao

Supported by:

Dutch Republic Dutch Empire

Defeat
  • Failure of the conquest and Christianize the Maranao people
2nd Sangley Rebellion (1639)

Location: Philippines, Luzon

Spain Spanish Empire

Sultanate of Sulu

Japan Japanese in the Philippines

Chinese rebels Victory
Piedmontese Civil War
(1639–42)

Location: Italian Peninsula

 Spain
Prince Thomas faction
 France
Duchy of Savoy Regency faction
Stalemate
Christianshavn Incident

(1640)

Location: Canary Islands

Spain Spanish Empire  Denmark-Norway Victory
Catalan Revolt
(1640–59)

Location: Iberian Peninsula (Catalonia) and Pyrenees

 Spain  Principality of Catalonia
 France
Victory
Portuguese Restoration War
(1640–68)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

Spain Castile and Aragon Portugal Kingdom of Portugal
Supported by:
 France
(1641–59)[115]
 Kingdom of England
(after 1662)[116]
Defeat
Andalusian alterations

(1647–52)

 Spain Peasant rebels Stalemate
  • The king, aware of the situation, helps the city by buying wheat to make it cheaper and amnestying all the mutineers.
Neapolitan Revolt
(1647–48)

Location: Italian Peninsula

 Spain Neapolitan Republic
 France
Victory
  • Revolt crushed
The Fronde (1648–1653)

Location: France

Parti Dévot

Spain Spanish Empire[118]

Kingdom of France Kingdom of France Defeat
  • Revolt suppressed and instauration of Absolutism in France.
Wreckage of Kattan

(1649)

  • part of Swedish expedition to New Sweden (1649)

Location: Caribbean

Spain Spanish Empire
Pirates
 Swedish Empire Victory
Communera rebellion of Paraguay (1649–1650)

Location: South America, Río de la Plata (modern Paraguay)

Spain Spanish Empire Paraguayan comunero rebels Victory
Anglo-Spanish War (1654–60)

Location: Low Countries, Iberian Peninsula, Atlantic Ocean and Americas (Spanish Main)

 Spain

Royalists of England, Ireland and Scotland[119]

 Commonwealth of England  France (1657–59) Defeat
VOC-Tidore war (1653–1654)

Location: Modern Indonesia

Sultanate of Tidore

Spain Spanish Empire

Dutch Republic Dutch East India Company Inconclusive
Mapuche uprising of 1655 (1655–1656)

Location: Southern Chile (Araucanía Region)

Spain Spanish Empire Mapuche rebels Defeat
Tehuantepec Rebellion

(1660–61)Location: Mexico

Spain Spanish Empire Spain Cabildo de Indios under Zapotec peoples Victory
Chinese piracy incursions and rebellions to the Philippines (1662–63)

Location: Philippines

Spain Spanish Empire Japan Koxinga's Chinese-Japanese pirate forces Inconclusive
Raid of Tangier

(1662)

Location: North Africa

Khadir Ghaïlan forces

Supported by:

Spain Crown of Spain

Saadi Morocco

 Portuguese Empire

Supported by:

 Kingdom of England

Stalemate
Sack of Campeche (1663)

Location: Mexico

 Spain  Kingdom of England Defeat
Piracy attacks on Lake Nicaragua

(1665–1857)

Location: Central America

 Spain
 Nicaragua

 Costa Rica

 El Salvador

 Guatemala

West Indies Pirates

American Filibusters

Stalemate
  • Piracy and filibustering suppressed by 1857
Piracy attack on Maracaibo

(1666)Location: Lake Maracaibo (Modern Venezuela)

Spain Spanish Empire Kingdom of France French pirates Defeat
War of Devolution
(1667–68)

Location: Low Countries

Spain Spanish Empire
Triple Alliance:
 Dutch Republic
 Kingdom of England
Sweden Swedish Empire
 France Defeat
English expedition to Valdivia

(1670) Location: Southern Chile

Spain Spanish Empire  Kingdom of England Victory
Spanish–Chamorro Wars
(1670–99)

Location: Micronesia, Mariana Islands (Modern Guam and Northern Mariana Islands)

Spain Spanish Empire
  • Chamorro loyalists
Chamorros Victory
Franco-Dutch War
(1672–78)

Location: Western Europe (mostly Low Countries and Rhineland), North Sea, Americas, Caribbean Sea

 Dutch Republic
 Holy Roman Empire (from 1673)

 Spain (from 1673)

Denmark Denmark–Norway (from 1675)

 England (1678)

 France
 Sweden (from 1674)
 England (1672–74)
Bishopric of Münster (1672–1673)
Archbishopric of Cologne (1672–1673)
Defeat
Second Genoese–Savoyard War
(1672–73)

Location: Northern Italy

 Republic of Genoa
Supported by:
 Spain
 Duchy of Savoy Victory
Messina revolt

(1672–78)

Location: Southern Italy

Spain Spanish Empire

 Republic of Genoa

Messina city

Partito dei Malvizzi

 France

Victory
Siege of Orán and Mers el-Kébir

(1675–1678)

Spain Spanish Empire  Ottoman Empire Inconclussive
Moulay Ismail Ibn Sharif Campaigns (1678–1727)[120]

Location: North Africa

Spain Spanish Empire
 Ottoman Empire
 Kingdom of England
Sultanate of Morocco Stalemate
Chepo expedition

(1679)

Location: Central America

Spain Spanish Empire  England Piracy Defeat. Looting and then burning the town of Chepo, Panama.
First occupation of Sacramento Colony

(1680)

Location: Río de la Plata Basin (Modern Uruguay)

 Spanish Empire  Portuguese Empire Militar Victory

Political defeat

Pueblo Revolt
(1680)

Location: North America

Spain Spanish Empire Puebloans Defeat
  • Expulsion of Spanish settlers
Combat of San Marcos de Arica (1681)

Location: Modern Chile

Spain Spanish Empire  England Piracy Victory
Spanish-Brandenburg War (1680–1682)

Location: Atlantic Ocean (Mediterranean Sea, North Sea, Caribbean Sea)

Spain Spanish Empire Brandenburg-Prussia

Supported by:
Denmark Denmark–Norway

Victory
Great Turkish War
(1683–1699)

Location: Central Europe and Eastern Europe

Holy Roman Empire

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Tsardom of Russia

Republic of Venice Republic of Venice
 Spanish Empire
Montenegro
Albanian rebels
Serbian rebels
Greek rebels
Bulgarian rebels
Romanian rebels
Croatian rebels

Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire

Vassal states:

Victory
War of the Reunions
(1683–1684)

Location: Western Europe (Mostly Low Countries)

Spain Spanish Empire

 Holy Roman Empire
 Republic of Genoa

 France Defeat
Raid on Charles Town

(1684)

Location: The Bahamas

Spain Spanish Empire  England Victory
Revolt of the Barretinas (1687–1689)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

 Spain Peasant rebels of Catalonia Spanish Crown victory.
Nine Years' War
(1688–97)

Location: Western Europe, British Isles, Americas, West Africa and India

Grand Alliance:  France

Wabanaki Confederacy

Irish and Scottish Jacobites

Indecisive
Second Brotherhood

(1693) Location: Iberian Peninsula

 Spain agermanats (peasant rebel forces) Victory
Siege of Oran (1693)

Location: North Africa (Algeria)

Spanish Empire

Regency of Algiers

Sultanate of Morocco Algerian-Spanish victory
Sieges of Ceuta (1694–1727)

Location: North Africa

 Spain
Bourbons (1704–1713)
 Morocco
Supported by:
 England (from 1707)
Victory
Arena Massacre

(1699)

Spanish Empire

Catholic amerindians

Amerindian rebels Pirric Victory
Darien scheme

(1699–1700)Location: Panama

Spanish Empire  Kingdom of Scotland Victory

Bourbon Spain

[edit]
Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results Casualties
War of the Spanish Succession
(1701–14)

Location: Western Europe, Central Europe, Americas, West Africa, East Indies and India

 Kingdom of France

Spain Spain loyal to Philip

Bavaria Bavaria (until 1704)

Mantua Duchy of Mantua (until 1708)

Cologne (until 1702)

Liège (until 1702)

co-belligerent:[122]

 Holy Roman Empire:

 Great Britain (formed in 1707)[123]

 Dutch Republic

 Duchy of Savoy (after 1703)

Portugal Kingdom of Portugal (from 1703)

Spain Spain loyal to Charles

Denmark Danish Auxiliary Corps

co-belligerent:[122]

Political victory for Spain loyal to Philip
Military victory for Spain loyal to Charles
Queen Anne's War
(1702–1713)

Location: North America

 France

Spain Spain

 Wabanaki Confederacy
 Caughnawaga Mohawk
 Choctaw
 Timucua
 Apalachee
 Natchez

 England (before 1707)[125]

 Great Britain (after 1707)[125]

 Muscogee (Creek)
 Chickasaw
 Yamasee

Defeat
Protests and rebellions of the 18th century in the Viceroyalty of Peru

(1700s)

 Spanish Empire Rebellions of peruleros Pyric victory of the Viceroyalty authorities.
  • Partial reforms are given to appease the rebels, as well as severe punishments for repeat offender leaders, to prevent future insurrections among the local population.
  • Multiple social groups, dissatisfied with the Bourbon Reforms, would continue to rebel under the motto of "Long live the King, death to the bad government" for an improvement of the Spanish state in its compliance with the colonial pact between subject and monarch, longing for the previous "fueros" and local autonomies of the traditional Monarchy of the House of Austria against the thriving Bourbon Absolutism.
  • First notions of anti-colonial political independence in the most radical groups, usually influenced by the Spanish-American Enlightenment.
Battle of the Yi

(1702)

Location: South America, Yí River (Modern Uruguay)

 Spanish Empire

Guaraní Tribes

Charrúa Tribes Stalemate
  • 300 Charrúas died during the negotiations
  • Decisive weakening of the Charrúa forces
Second occupation of Sacramento Colony

(1705)

Location: Río de la Plata Basin (Modern Uruguay)

 Spanish Empire  Portuguese Empire Victory
Comanche Wars
(1700s–1870s)

Location: North America

Spain Spanish Empire (until 1820)
 Mexico (since 1821)
 Republic of Texas (since 1836)
Choctaw Republic[126]
 United States (since 1845)
Comanche

Other Indigenous nations

Defeat
Apache Wars
(1700s)

Location: North America

Spain Spanish Empire Apache Defeat
Siege of Oran (1707–1708)

Location: North Africa (Algeria)

Kingdom of Spain Regency of Algiers Defeat
  • Algerians conquers Oran.
Pablo Presbere's insurrection (1709–1710)

Location: Central America

Spain Spanish Empire Talamanca

Teribe Cabécare

Victory
Huilliche rebellion
(1712)

Location: South America

Spain Spanish Empire Huilliches of Chiloé Victory
  • Key encomenderos killed
  • Suppression of the rebellion
  • Encomienda mildened
Tzeltal Rebellion of 1712 (1712–1713)

Location: Central America

Spain Spanish Empire Maya communities Victory
Seventh Ottoman–Venetian War
(1714–18)

Location: Peloponnese, Aegean Sea, Ionian Islands, Dalmatia

 Republic of Venice
Habsburg monarchy Austria (from 1716)
 Portugal
 Order of Malta
 Papal States
 Spain[127]
Himariotes
 Ottoman Empire Defeat
Spanish-French anti-piracy expedition in the Pacific

(1716–28) Location: South pacific (Cape Horn to Panama)

Spain Spanish Empire

 Kingdom of France (until 1720)

Pirates from England, Netherlands and France Victory of the Armada del Mar del Sur.
War of the Quadruple Alliance
(1718–20)

Location: Western Europe, Americas

 Spain

Jacobites

 Great Britain

 France

 Holy Roman Empire

 Dutch Republic
 Savoy

Defeat

Savoy and Austria swap Sicily for Habsburgs and Sardinia for Savoy.

4,350 killed or wounded[128]
Jacobite rising of 1719

Location: Scotland

Jacobites

Spain

 Great Britain
 Dutch Republic
Defeat
Revolt of the Comuneros (Paraguay) (1721–25/1730–35)

Location: South America (Paraguay)

Spain Spanish Empire Paraguayan comunero rebels Victory
  • Paraguayans lose their right to vote for their Cabildo.
Mapuche uprising of 1723

Location: South America (Araucanía, Chile)

Spain Spanish Empire Mapuche rebels Victory
Anglo-Spanish War (1727–29)

Location: Atlantic Ocean (Caribbean, Mediterranean Sea, English Channel)

 Spain  Great Britain Indecisive 20,000 killed (both sides)[129]
Spanish-Algerian War
(1732)

Location: North Africa (Algeria)

Spain Spain  Ottoman Empire Victory 30 dead
Swedish invasion of the Esequibo

(1732–37)

Location: South America, Esequibo

Spain Spanish Empire  Swedish Empire Victory
  • Swedes are expelled by Carlos Francisco Francois Sucre y Pardo (grandfather of Venezuelan independence leader Antonio José de Sucre).
War of the Polish Succession
(1733–38)

Location: Italian Peninsula, Rhineland, Poland-Lithuania

Poland loyal to Stanisław I

 France
 Spain
Sardinia
 Duchy of Parma

Poland loyal to Augustus III

 Russian Empire
 Habsburg Empire of Austria
 Saxony
 Kingdom of Prussia

Victory 3,000 killed or wounded[130]
Rebellion of the Pericúes

(1734)Location: Mexico

Spain Spanish Empire

Indian auxiliaries

Pericúes

Cochimíes

Defeat
  • Spaniards retreat from the region until 1737, then stablish Presidios.
Spanish–Portuguese War (1735–37)

Location: South America, Río de la Plata Basin (Banda Oriental)

Spain Spanish Empire Portugal Portuguese Empire Defeat
War of Jenkins' Ear
(1739–48)

Location: Americas, Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean (mostly Caribbean and Mediterranean Sea)

Spain Spanish Empire  Great Britain Victory
War of the Austrian Succession
(1740–48)

Location: Western Europe, Americas, Atlantic Ocean (mostly Caribbean, Mediterranean Sea and North Sea), Pacific Ocean and India

 France

Wabanaki Confederacy

 Prussia
Spain Spain
Bavaria Bavaria (1741–45)
 Saxony (1741–42)
Kingdom of the Two Sicilies Sicily and Naples
 Republic of Genoa (1745–48)
Sweden Sweden (1741–43)
 Savoy-Sardinia (1741–42)

 Habsburg Monarchy
 Great Britain

Iroquois Confederacy
Province of Hanover Hanover
 Dutch Republic
 Saxony (1743–45)
 Savoy-Sardinia (1742–48)
 Russia (1741–43, 1748)

Victory 3,000 killed or wounded[132]
Dagohoy rebellion (1744–1829)

Location: Philippines

Spain Spanish Empire Dagohoy rebel group Victory
  • Pardoned 19,420 survivors and permitted them to live in new villages at the lowlands
Great Gypsy Round-up

(1749)Location: Spain

 Spain Gitanos Defeat
Pima Revolt
(1751)

Location: North America

Spain Spanish Empire Pima Indians Victory
Action of 28 November 1751
(1751)

Location: North Africa

 Spain Regency of Algiers Victory
Guaraní War (1754–56)

Location: South America, Misiones Orientales ( Paraguay-Brazil-Argentina borders)

Spain Spanish Empire

Portugal Portuguese Empire

Guaraní Tribes

Jesuits

Spanish-Portuguese victory.
Mutiny of the Ceclavineros

(1755)

Location: Spain

 Spain Ceclavín Defeat
  • Ceclavine smugglers continue with their activities
Seven Years' War
(1756–63)

Location: Europe, Americas, West Africa, India, Southeast Asia.

Defeat 3,000 killed or wounded[133]
Cisteil Rebellion

(1761)Location: Mesoamerica

Spain Spanish Empire Maya peoples Victory
Anglo-Spanish War (1762–63)

Location: Iberian Peninsula, North America (Florida and French Louisiana), Central America, South America (Río de la Plata), Caribbean (Cuba), East Indies (Philippines)

Spain Spanish Empire

 France

 Great Britain

Portugal
Filipino rebels

Defeat
  • Spain cedes Florida to Britain in exchange for return of Havana.
  • Spain received Louisiana from France.
Silang Revolt

(1762–1763)

Location: Philippines

Spain Spanish Empire Diego Silang and Gabriela Silang rebel forces

Supported by:

Victory
Fantastic War (1762–63)

Location: Iberian Peninsula and South America (Río de la Plata and Amazon Forest)

Spain Spain

 France

Portugal Portuguese Empire

 Great Britain

Stalemate
Quito Revolt of 1765

Location: South America (modern Ecuador)

Spain Spain Quito rebels Victory
Esquilache Riots

(1766)

Location: Spain

Spain Spain Madrid revolters Compromise
  • The King accept popular demands
Mapuche uprising of 1766 (1766)

Location: Chile

Spain Spanish Empire

Mapuche allies


Pehuenche
Mapuche rebels Defeat
Louisiana Rebellion (1768)

Location: North America

Spain Spanish Empire Louisiana Creole people Victory
Guajira Rebellion

(1769-1776)

Location: Venezuela

Spain Spanish Empire Guajiros

Taironas Caribes

Indecisive
Communera Revolution of Paraguay (1770)

Location: South America, Paraguay

Spain Spanish Empire Paraguayan comunero rebels Victory
Capture of Port Egmont

(1770)

Location: Atlantic Ocean, Falkland Islands

 Spanish Empire  Great Britain Victory
Spanish expeditions to Tahiti

(1772–75 )[134][135]

Location: Pacific Ocean, Polynesia

Spain Spanish Empire

Allied Christianized Tahitians

Pagan Tahitians
Spanish and Peruvian mutineers
Victory, but withdrawal due to anti-clerical policies of Charles III and economical problems in Peru to support the stability of the catholic missions.
Mutiny of the Barcelona quintas (1773)

Location: Spain, Catalonia

 Spain Diputación de Cataluña Stalemate
Siege of Melilla (1774)

Location: North Africa

 Spain Morocco
Supported by:
 Great Britain
Victory 600
Spanish expeditions against Algiers
(1775, 1783, 1784)

Location: North Africa (Algeria)

Regency of Algiers Defeat 500 dead (1775)
26 dead (1783)
53 dead (1784)
Spanish–Portuguese War (1776–77)

Location: South America, Río de la Plata Basin

Spain Spanish Empire Portugal Portuguese Empire Victory
Spanish expedition to Fernando Poo and Annobón

(1778–80)
Location: Africa, Gulf of Guinea

Spain Spanish Empire Bubi people loyal to Portuguese rule
Spanish mutineers of Jerónimo Martín
 Great Britain
Defeat
  • The rebels apprehend the highest authority (Lieutenant Colonel Primo de Rivera), passing command to the second in command, Sergeant Martín. The new chief evacuated the colony, directing the survivors to São Tomé, where he was captured by the Portuguese who restored the Ten. Cor. Primo de Rivera in his position.
  • The Spanish city of Concepción is razed by the native Africans.
  • Due to the adversity of the climate, the tropical diseases that decimated the soldiers, the hostility of the nearby British fleet and the fear of an attack by the Bubi population. The Spanish leave the colony after taking possession in the name of Carlos III of Spain of the Territories of the Gulf of Guinea.
  • Later British occupation of Fernando Poo since 1827 to 1843
American Revolutionary War (1775–1782)

Location: North America, Central America, Atlantic Ocean

 United States

Spain Spain (since 1779)

 France (since 1778)

Iroquois

Watauga Association

Catawba

Lenape

Choctaw


 Dutch Republic
 Mysore
 Great Britain

Iroquois

Cherokee German Auxiliaries

Victory
Anglo-Spanish War (1779–83)

Europe & Atlantic

Louisiana and the Gulf Coast

Central America

West Indies

Spain Spain  Great Britain Victory 5,000 killed or died of disease
Rebellion of Túpac Amaru II
(1780–83)

Location: South America, Andes (Modern Peru and Bolivia)

Spain Spain Túpac Amaru II forces
  • Aymara and Quechua rebels
  • Spain Spanish rebels, mostly peasants, including creoles, mestizos and blacks
Victory 100,000 Indians and 10,000–40,000 non-Indians[136][137]
Revolt of the Comuneros (New Granada)

(1781)

Location: South America, Colombia

Spain Spanish Empire Comunero rebels of New Granada Victory
Insurrection of the comuneros of Venezuela (1781)

Location: South America, Venezuela

Spain Spanish Empire Comunero rebels of Captaincy General of Venezuela Victory
Cherokee–American wars [2nd phase post-revolution][138]

(1783–1795)

Location: North America (United States, Old Southwest)

Spain Spanish Empire

Cherokee

Co-belligerent:

Northwestern Confederacy[139]

 United States Spanish withdrawal due to Coalition Wars.

Defeat of Cherokees

Nootka Crisis (1789–1790)

Location: North America, Nootka Sound (modern Canada)

Spain Spanish Empire  Great Britain
Nuu-chah-nulth people
 Russian Empire
 United States
Defeat
Hispano-Moroccan War (1790–1791)

Location: North Africa

Spain Spain Sultanate of Morocco Victory
Haitian Revolution
(1791–1804)

Location: Caribbean, Hispaniola

1791–1793
Ex-slaves
French royalists
Spain Spanish Empire (from 1793)

1793–1798
French royalists
 Great Britain
Spain Spanish Empire (until 1795)

1798–1801
France Louverture Loyalists
1802–1804
Ex-slaves
United Kingdom

1791–1793
Slave owners
France Kingdom of France (until 1792)
France French Republic
1793–1798
France French Republic

1798–1801
France Rigaud Loyalists
France French Republic

Defeat
Huilliche uprising of 1792

Location: Chile

Spain Spanish Empire Huilliche people of Futahuillimapu Victory
Algerian conquest of Oran (1792)

Location: North Africa (Algeria)

Spain Spanish Empire Regency of Algiers Defeat
  • Spain cedes Oran to Algiers in exchange of economical privileges.
War of the First Coalition
(1792–97)

Location: Europe, Mediterranean Sea

First Coalition:

 Holy Roman Empire

 Great Britain
Kingdom of France Army of Condé
Spain Spain (until 1795)
 Dutch Republic (until 1795)
 Portugal
Sardinia (until 1796)
 Naples
Other Italian states

Victory
War of the Pyrenees
(1793–95)

Location: Pyrenees, Hispaniola

 Spain

 Portugal
Kingdom of France French Émigrés

 France Defeat
French expedition to Sardinia (1792–1793)

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Sardinia

Kingdom of Sardinia Sardinia

Spain (since 1793)

France Spanish-Sardinian victory
Federalist revolts

(1793)

Location: France

France Fédéralistes

French Royalists


 Great Britain
Spain Kingdom of Spain
 Kingdom of Naples
 Kingdom of Sicily
 Kingdom of Sardinia
France Defeat
East Indies theatre of the French Revolutionary Wars (1793–1801)

Location: Asia–Pacific

France French Republic

Spain Spanish Empire

 Batavian Republic

 Great Britain

 Portugal

Coalition forces

Defeat
Insurrection of Negros de Coro

(1795)Location: Venezuela

Spain Spanish Empire Slaves and Maroons Victory
Anglo-Spanish War (1796–1808)

Atlantic

Mediterranean

Americas

 Spain

France

 Great Britain Inconclusive 7,000 killed or wounded (1796–1802)[130]
Gual and España conspiracy

(1797)

Location: Venezuela

Spain Spanish Empire Independentists Victory
War of the Second Coalition
(1798–1802)

Location: Europe, Atlantic Ocean (Mediterranean Sea, Caribbean), Middle East

 France
 Spain
Polish Legions
Denmark Denmark–Norway
French client republics:
Second Coalition:

 Holy Roman Empire

 Great Britain (until 1801)
 United Kingdom (from 1801)
 Russia (until 1801)[140]

 Portugal
 Naples

Tuscany Grand Duchy of Tuscany
Sovereign Military Order of Malta Order of Saint John (1798)
Malta (1798–1800)
 Ottoman Empire
Kingdom of France French Royalists


 United States
(Quasi-War) (until 1800)

Victory
Spanish-Russian War (1799–1801)

Location: North Pacific Ocean and Mediterranean Sea

 Spain  Russia Inconclusive 0
Battle of Puerto Plata Harbor

(1800)

 France

 Spain

 United States Defeat
War of the Oranges
(1801)

Location: Iberian Peninsula (mostly Portugal) and South America (mostly Brazil and Río de la Plata)

 France

 Spain

 Portugal Victory
War of the Third Coalition
(1803–06)

Location: Europe, Mediterranean Sea and West Indies

France French Empire

 Spain
 Electorate of Bavaria
Württemberg

Third Coalition:

 Holy Roman Empire
 Russian Empire
 United Kingdom
 Kingdom of Naples
Kingdom of the Two Sicilies Kingdom of Sicily
 Sweden
Kingdom of France French counter-revolutionaries
Kingdom of France French royalists

Victory
Caribbean campaign of 1803–1810

Location: Caribbean

 United Kingdom

 Portugal

 Spain (since 1808)

France French Empire

 Spain (until 1808)

 Batavian Republic

Denmark Denmark–Norway (since 1808)

Coalition Victory
  • West Indies were in total control of British and Spanish naval forces.
Franco-Swedish War (1805–10)

Location: Northern Europe

France French Empire

Netherlands Holland

Denmark Denmark–Norway (1808–1809)

 Spain (until 1808)

 Russian Empire (since 1808)

 Sweden

 United Kingdom

 Prussia

 Austria

Saxony

 Russian Empire (until 1807)

Spanish retreat of the conflict due to Peninsular War.

French victory

War of the Fourth Coalition
(1806–07)

Location: Europe

French Empire Fourth Coalition: Victory
British invasions of the River Plate (1806–1807)

Location: Río de la Plata Basin (Modern Argentina and Uruguay)

 Spain  United Kingdom Spanish-Rioplatense Victory
Invasion of Portugal (1807)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

France French Empire
 Spain
 Portugal Victory
English Wars (Scandinavia) (1807–1814)

Location: Northern Europe

Denmark Denmark–Norway

Supported by:

 United Kingdom Supported by: Spanish retreat of the conflict after Evacuation of La Romana's division. Start of "Huéscar-Danish War".

Anglo-Swedish Victory

Tumult of Aranjuez

(1808)

Location: Spain

Spain Spanish Government (Manuel Godoy) Spain Rebels led by Ferdinand VII Defeat
Peninsular War
(1808–14)

Location: Iberian Peninsula, Southern France

Spain Bourbon Spain

 United Kingdom
 Portugal

France French Empire
Bonapartist Spain

Poland Duchy of Warsaw

Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic) Kingdom of Italy

Kingdom of Naples Kingdom of Naples

Confederation of the Rhine

Swiss Confederation

Victory 300,000 military deaths
200,000 civilian deaths[141]
Conjuration of the Mantuanos

(1808)

Location: Venezuela

Spain Supreme Central Junta Mantuanos (autonomists or separatist)

Supported by:

 United Kingdom


Bonapartists
Victory
Spanish reconquest of Santo Domingo
(1808–09)

Location: Caribbean, Hispaniola

 Spain
 United Kingdom
France French Empire Victory
War of the Fifth Coalition
(1809)

Location: Europe, Atlantic Ocean

Fifth Coalition: France France Defeat
Bolivian War of Independence
(1809–25)

Location: South America (Bolivia, Southern Peru, Argentine Northwest)

 Spain United Provinces of the River Plate
Republiquetas

Republic of Peru (since 1821)

 Gran Colombia (since 1824)

Defeat
Ecuadorian War of Independence
(1809–22)

Location: South America (Ecuador)

 Spain Independentist Armies

 Gran Colombia

Republic of Peru

Defeat
  • Independence of Ecuador from Spain
Mexican War of Independence
(1810–21)

Location: North America (Mexico) and Central America

 Spain Insurgents
Army of the Three Guarantees (1821)
Defeat
Argentine War of Independence
(1810–18)

Location: South America (Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Bolivia and Chile)

Royalists
Spain Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
Spain Viceroyalty of Peru
Patriots
United Provinces of the River Plate
Chilean exiles

Supported by:

Defeat
Chilean War of Independence
(1810–26)

Location: South America (Chile and Neuquén Basin, Argentina), South pacific

Spain Spanish Empire

Mapuche allies

 Chile
Argentina United Provinces
Mapuche allies

Supported by:

Defeat
  • Chilean emancipation from Spanish colonial rule
US Occupation of West Florida

(1810)

Location: West Florida

Spain Kingdom of Spain  United States Stalemate
Portuguese invasion of the Banda Oriental (1811–1812)

Location: South America, Banda Oriental (Uruguay)

Spain Kingdom of Spain Portugal United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves
Argentina United Provinces
Inconclusive
Venezuelan War of Independence
(1811–23)

Location: South America (Venezuela and Colombia), Caribbean Sea

Spain Kingdom of Spain Venezuela
 Gran Colombia
New Granada

Haiti
British Legions

Defeat
  • Venezuelan independence
Peruvian War of Independence
(1811–26)

Location: South America (Peru, Western Bolivia, Southern Ecuador)

Spain Kingdom of Spain United Liberating Army

British Legions (from 1824)

Defeat
  • Peru becomes independent of the Spanish monarchy.
  • End of mainland South American war of independence.
Huánuco rebellion
(1812)

Location: South America, Peru

Spain Kingdom of Spain Huánuco rebels Victory
Gutiérrez–Magee Expedition

(1812)

Location: North America (ModernSouthwestern United States)

 Spain Victory
French invasion of Russia

(1812)

Location: Eastern Europe

France French Empire

Allies:

 Austria

 Prussia

Denmark Denmark–Norway

Russia Russian Empire Defeat
Anglo-American war

(1812–1815)

Location: North America, Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean

 United Kingdom

Tecumseh's Confederacy
Spain Kingdom of Spain (from 1813)

 United States
Choctaw Nation

Cherokee Nation

Creek Allies

Inconclusive
Aponte conspiracy

(1812)

Location: Cuba

Spain Kingdom of Spain Slave conspirators Victory
War of the Sixth Coalition
(1813–1814)

Location: Europe

 Russia
 Prussia
 Austria
 United Kingdom
 Sweden
Spain Spain
Portugal
Kingdom of the Two Sicilies Sicily
Sardinia
 French Empire

Denmark Denmark–Norway Confederation of the Rhine


 United States
(War of 1812)

Victory
Cuzco Rebellion of 1814 (1814)

Location: South America, Peru

Spain Kingdom of Spain Government Junta of Cuzco

Supported by:

Argentina United Provinces

Victory
Spanish-Russian Skirmishes on California and Alaska[143]

(1814–15)

Location: North Pacific Ocean (near Aleutian Islands and Pacific Northwest)Location: North Pacific Ocean (near Aleutian Islands and Pacific Northwest)

 Spain

Indian auxiliaries

 Russian Empire

Aleuts

Kodiaks


 United States

Victory
War of the Seventh Coalition
(1815)

Location: Western Europe

Seventh Coalition:

 United Kingdom
 Prussia
 Austrian Empire
 Russian Empire
Province of Hanover Hanover
Nassau
Brunswick
 Sweden
 Netherlands
 Spain
 Portugal
Sardinia
Kingdom of the Two Sicilies Sicily
Tuscany Tuscany
Switzerland
Kingdom of France French Kingdom

France French Empire
 Kingdom of Naples
Victory
Spanish reconquest of New Granada
(1815–16)

Location: South America, (Colombia) and Caribbean Sea

Spain Kingdom of Spain United Provinces of New Granada Victory
  • Reconquest of New Granada by the Spanish monarchy
Seminole Wars (1817–18)

Location: Florida

Seminole
Spain Kingdom of Spain
 United States Defeat
Amelia Island affair (1817)

Location: Florida

Spain Kingdom of Spain

 United States

Republic of the Floridas

Venezuela

No victor

United States annexation of Florida.

Guerra a muerte (1819–32)

Location: Chile

Spain Kingdom of Spain

Mapuche allies

  • Lafkenches
  • Wenches
  • Pehuenches
  • Boroans
 Chile Defeat
Rebellion of Rafael de Riego (1820)

Location: Spain

Spain Kingdom of Spain Liberal Rebels of Rafael del Riego

Supported by:

Defeat
Totonicapán Uprising of 1820

Location: Central America, Guatemala

Spain Spanish Empire K'iche of Totonicapán Victory
Spanish reconquest attempts in Mexico
(1821–29)

Location: Mexico

Spain Spanish Empire  Mexico Defeat
Dominican War of Independence

(1821–22)Location: Hispaniola

Spain Spanish Empire Republic of Spanish Haiti
Haiti
Political Defeat, Military inconclusive due to Haitian Invasion of Santo Domingo.
Royalist War (1822–23)

Location: Spain

Spain Kingdom of Spain

Royalists forces

Supported by:

Quintuple Alliance[147]

Junta Provisional Consultiva Liberals (constitucionals) forces Absolutist victory
French invasion of Spain
(1823)

Location: Spain

Kingdom of France

Spain Armée de la Foi

Spain Partisans of the Cortes Royalist victory
Novales Revolt

(1823)

Spain Kingdom of Spain Filipino and Latin American Rebels Royalist Victory
Chilean conquest of Chiloé (1824–26)

Location: Chile, Chiloé Island

Spain Kingdom of Spain  Chile Defeat.

End of Spanish presence in South America.

Capture of the sloop Anne

(1825)

Location: Caribbean

Tri-national anti-piracy alliance Roberto Cofresí's pirates Victory
War of the Aggrieved

(1827)

Location: Spain

Spain Kingdom of Spain

Supported by:

Kingdom of France

Cuerpo de Voluntarios Realistas rebel forces Victory
  • The Agraviados, who rose up against the "reformist" Enlightened absolutism government that supposedly had King Ferdinand VII "kidnapped", lay down their arms when Ferdinand VII had to go to Catalonia to demonstrate that he enjoyed full freedom.
Portuguese Civil War
(1828–34)

Location: Portugal

Liberal Forces of Queen Maria II and Pedro IV Supported by:
Spain Spain (Since 1834)
United Kingdom United Kingdom

France France (Since 1830)

Belgian volunteers (1832–1834)[148]

Traditionalist Forces of King Miguel
Supported by:

Spain Spain (Until 1833)

Russia

Liberal victory
First Carlist War
(1833–1839)

Location: Spain

Christinos:

Spain Forces of Queen Isabella II

Supported by:
United Kingdom United Kingdom
France French Kingdom

Portugal Forces of Queen Maria II

Carlists:

Supported by:

Portugal (until 1834)

Holy Alliance[149]

Liberal victory 135,000 dead[150]
Riot of La Granja de San Ildefonso

(1835)
Location: Spain

Spain Forces of Queen Isabella II Progresivists Defeat
Second Egyptian-Ottoman War (1839–1841)

Location: Levant

Eyalet of Egypt

France Kingdom of France

Spain Kingdom of Spain

Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire

United Kingdom British Empire

Austrian Empire Austrian Empire

Russia Russian Empire

Kingdom of Prussia Kingdom of Prussia

Defeat
  • Egypt renounces claim on Syria, Britain recognizes Muhammad Ali and his descendants as the legitimate rulers of Egypt.
Revolt of the indigenous Benga against their king Bonkoro I (1843–1858)

Location: Africa, Gulf of Guinea

Spain Spain Benga people rebels led by Imunga Stalemate
  • The throne of the ndowés (Kingdom of Corisco) remains separated into two branches (Cabo San Juan and the north of the Corisco island) since 1843.
  • Bonkoro I flee to Cape san juan and complies the arrangement with Juan José Lerena y Barry (Treaty of Tika) of establishing a Spanish protectorate. His son, king Bonkoro II recognized Spanish sovereignty over Cabo San Juan, including several towns that had not been ceded by his father, such as Corisco and Elobey.
  • Imunga proclaims himself as king Munga I of Kombe people, then reigned in Corisco between the years 1848 and 1858, date on which he received the support of the first Spanish governor, Carlos de Chacón y Michelena, who appointed him lieutenant governor of Corisco, transforming also in a Spanish protectorate.
  • In 1906 the two parts of the kingdom (Cabo San Juan and northern Corisco) were reunited under the kingdom of Santiago Uganda.
Second Carlist War
(1846–49)

Location: Spain

Spain Spain Carlist insurgents Liberal victory 10,000 dead[150]
Patuleia (1846)

Location: Portugal

Forces of Queen Maria II

Quadruple Alliance

Junta in Porto forces Victory
Italian Revolution of 1848[151]

(1848–49)

Location: Italy

Austrian Empire Austrian Empire[152]

Grand Duchy of Tuscany

Kingdom of Two Sicilies

Papal States

Spain Spain (1849)

French Second Republic French Republic (1849)

Kingdom of Sicily

Provisional Government of Milan

Republic of San Marco

Roman Republic

Supported by:

Kingdom of Sardinia[152]

Victory
  • Papal rule restored in Rome
Spanish expedition to Balanguingui
(1848)

Location: Philippines (Sulu Sea)

 Spain Moro Pirates Victory
Spanish Revolution of 1854

Location: Spain

Kingdom of Spain Rebel troops Rebel victory of Leopoldo O'Donnell and Baldomero Espartero.
Carlist Insurrection of 1855

Location: Spain

Kingdom of Spain Carlist insurgents Victory of the government
Cibaenian Revolution

(1848–49)Location: Dominican Republic

Dominican Republic Dominican Republic

Liberals

Supported by:

Conservatives

Spain Kingdom of Spain

Revolutionary Government of Cibao

Victory
El Arahal insurrection

(1857)

Location: Spain (Seville)

Kingdom of Spain Peasant rebels

Republicans Freemasonry

Victory of the government
Cochinchina Campaign
(1858–62)

Location: Southern Vietnam

Spain Spain

France French Empire

Đại Nam Victory
Hispano-Moroccan War (1859–60)

Location: North Africa (Morocco)

 Spain Morocco Victory 1,152 killed[153]
2,888 died of disease[153]
Carlist Landing of 1860

Location: Spain

Kingdom of Spain Carlist insurgents Victory of the government
Expedition of the Thousand

(1860–61)

Location: Italy and Mediterranean Sea

 Two Sicilies Supported by Kingdom of Sardinia Sardinia

Supported by

Defeat
Post-Unification Italian Brigandage

(1861–1865)

Location: Southern Italy

Brigandage

Supported by

 Kingdom of Italy

Supported by:

Second French Empire French Empire

Defeat
Franco-Mexican War
(1861–67)

Location: Mexico

France French Empire
Mexico Mexican Empire

Supported by:
 Austrian Empire
Spain Spain (until 1862)
 United Kingdom (until 1862)
 Belgium

Eyalet of Egypt

Confederate exiles

Polish exiles

 Mexican republicans
Supported by:
 United States
Withdrawal
Loja uprising (1861)

Location: Spain

Kingdom of Spain Socialists Victory of the government
Dominican Restoration War
(1863–65)

Location: Hispaniola, Dominican Republic

 Spain  Dominican Republic Defeat
  • Restoration of Dominican sovereignty
10,888 killed or wounded
30,000 died of disease
Chincha Islands War
(1864–66)

Location: Peru and Chile Coasts

 Spain  Chile
 Peru

Nominal participation:
 Ecuador
 Bolivia

Indecisive, both sides claimed victory
  • The state of war is maintained between the belligerent parties until the signing of an indefinite armistice in 1871.
  • Peace treaties between Spain and Perú (1879), Bolivia (1879), Chile (1883) and Ecuador (1885).
300[153]
Glorious Revolution (1868)

Location: Spain

Kingdom of Spain Revolutionaries Defeat

Restoration

[edit]
Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results Casualties
Ten Years' War
(1868–78)

Location: Cuba

 Spain  Cuban rebels

Supported by:
Dominican RepublicMexico Latin American Volunteers

Victory 90,000 dead[150]
Grito de Lares

(1868)

Location: Puerto Rico

 Spain Puerto Rico rebels Victory
Carlist insurrection of 1869 [es]

Location: Spain

Spain Kingdom of Spain Carlist insurgents Government victory
Carlist insurrection of 1870 [es]

Location: Spain

Spain Kingdom of Spain Carlist insurgents Government victory
Cavite mutiny (1872)

Location: Philippines

 Spain Filipino mutineers Victory
Third Carlist War
(1872–76)

Location: Spain

Spain Kingdom of Spain (1872–73)
Spain I Republic (1873–74)
Spain Kingdom of Spain (1875–76)
Carlist insurgents Royal Victory 50,000 dead[150]
Cantonal rebellion (1872–74)

Location: Spain

Spain I Republic Canton of Cartagena Victory of the Republican Government
Petroleum Revolution

(1873)

Location: Spain

Spain I Republic Committee of Public Health

Spanish Regional Federation of the IWA

Victory of the Republican Government
Little War
(1879–1880)

Location: Cuba

 Spain  Cuban rebels Victory
Carolines Question (1885)

Location: Western Pacific Ocean (Caroline islands and Palau)

 Spain  Germany Victory
Spanish-Oulad conflict

(1887–1898)[155][156]

 Spain

Pro-Spanish tribes

Anti-Spanish tribes Defeat
Jerez uprising

(1892)

Location: Spain

 Spain Anarchist peasants Victory of the Spanish State
Verduleras' Mutiny [es]

(1892)
Location: Spain

 Spain Madrid verduleras Victory and revolt repressed
First Melillan campaign
(1893–1894)

Location: North Africa

 Spain Kingdom of Morocco Victory
Cuban War of Independence
(1895–1898)

Location: Cuba

 Spain Cuban rebels
 United States
Defeat 45,100 dead[150]
Philippine Revolution
(1896–1898)

Location: Philippines

 Spain Katipunan Revolutionaries
1896–1897

Republic of Biak-na-Bato
(until 1897)


Filipino rebels (1898)
 United States (1898)

Peace Treaty (1897)

Defeat (1898)

Intentona de Yauco

(1897)

Location: Puerto Rico

Spain Puerto Rican rebels Victory
Spanish–American War
(1898)

Location: Caribbean and Philippine Sea

Spain United States United States Defeat 1,000 killed
800 wounded
15,000 died of disease
30,000 captured
1898 Guinean rebellion led by Sas-Ebuera [es] (1898)

Location: Bight of Biafra, Bioko Island (Modern Equatorial Guinea)

Spain Bubis rebels Victory
1900 Carlist Sublevation

(1900)

Location: Spain (near Badalona)

Kingdom of Spain Carlist insurgents Alfonsist Victory
Siege of the International Legations
(1900)

Location: China, Peking

Eight-Nation Alliance

Mutual Protection of Southeast China
 Qing dynasty
Yìhéquán
Victory
Venezuelan Crisis of 1902–1903

(1902–1903)

Location: Venezuela and Caribbean Sea

 United Kingdom

 Germany

 Italy

Support:

 Venezuela

Support:

Compromise
  • European fleet withdraws after Washington Protocols.
1906 Carlist insurrection

Location: Spain ( Valls, Calella, Rajadell)

Kingdom of Spain Carlist insurgents Alfonsist Victory
French conquest of Morocco (1907–1934)

Location: Maghreb (Morocco and Western Sahara)

 France

Spain Spain

Morocco Morocco

Chaouia tribes

Zaian Confederation

Various other tribes

Victory
Second Melillan campaign
(1909–1910)

Location: North America

Spain Spain Morocco Rif tribes Victory
  • Melilla territory extended to Cape Three Forks and the Bḥar Ameẓẓyan lagoon
Tragic Week

(1909)
Location: Spain

Kingdom of Spain Anarchists

Socialists Republicans Freemasons

Victory of the Spanish government
Bubi uprising of 1910 [es] (1910)

Location: Bight of Biafra, Bioko Island (Modern Equatorial Guinea)

Spain Spain Bubis rebels Victory
Agadir Crisis (1911)
  • Moroccan Rebellion

Location: North Africa (Morocco)

 France

Spain Spain

 British Empire

Morocco Morocco

 Germany

Military Victory

Diplomatic Failure

Mutiny on the frigate Numancia [es]

(1911)

Location: North Africa (Tangier)

Restoration (Spain) Government Frigate Numancia mutiners and republicans Victory of the monarchical Government
Kert campaign (1911–1912)

Location: North Africa (Morocco)

Spain Spain Morocco Riffian tribes Victory
  • Consolidation of the Spanish-controlled territory in Kelaïa east of the Kert River
Royalist attack on Chaves

(1912)

Location: Iberian Peninsula (Galicia and Portugal)

Portugal Royalist supporters

Supported by:

Spain Spain

 Portugal Defeat
Spanish liberal state crisis

(1917–1923)

Location: Spain

Restoration (Spain) Government

Employers

Paramilitary militia


Sindicatos Libres
Spanish workers' movement
  • UGT
  • PSOE
  • CNT
  • Anarchist action groups
  • Marxists action groups
Stalemate
Río Muni Punishment Expedition (1918) [es]

Location: Africa, Guinea region (Modern Equatorial Guinea)

Spain Spain Fang people
  • Mawomo
Victory
Spanish conquest of Continental Guinea[158][159][160]

(1920s–1930s)Location: Africa, Guinea region (Modern Equatorial Guinea)

Spain Spain

Askari

Fang people
  • Osumu

Bubi people

Victory
  • Spanish presence was consolidated in Río Muni, establishing missions, plantations and military posts throughout the interior of the Guinean territory.
  • Ángel Barrera, and then Miguel Núñez de Prado [es], were replaced after denounciation of abuse against indigenous peoples (which were raided and put to forced labor in the Prestaciones). The General Government, under pressure from the General Directorate of Morocco and Colonies, passed a law in 1929 that punished abusers.
Rif War
(1920–1926)
Location: North Africa (Morocco)
Spain Spain

France France

Republic of the Rif Victory 18,000 killed or died of disease
5,000 wounded or missing
Jaca uprising (1930)

Location: Spain

Spain Kingdom of Spain Spanish republicans Victory

Second Spanish Republic

[edit]
Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results Casualties
Anarchist insurrections against Spanish Republic

(1932–37)

Location: Spain

 Spanish Republic
Communist Party of Spain

Supported by

Soviet Union Soviet Union

CNT-FAI

FIJL

Friends of Durruti Group

POUM

Confederal militias

Anarchist commune (1937)

Victory of the Spanish State and repression of Spanish Anarchists. Divission between moderates which wanted to collaborate with Spanish Republic (Treintists and Possibilists of the Syndicalist Party) and Radicals opposed to the State (Faístas).

Truce between Anarchists and Republicans during Spanish Revolution of 1936.

Anarchists, Anarcho-Syndicalists Libertarian socialist and Libertarian Communism are defeated by Marxists Communists, Leninists and Stalinists during the internal conflict between left-wing groups during Spanish Civil War.

Communists revolts during Spanish Republic

(1932)

 Spanish Republic Communist Party of Spain Victory of the Spanish moderate left
Militar Reactions against Spanish Republic (1932)  Spanish Republic Monarchical and Right-Wing rebel forces Victory of the Spanish Republic
Revolution of 1934

Location: Spain

 Spanish Republic Asturian Workers Alliance
Catalan State
Victory
  • The Spanish Republican government effectively eliminates the rebellions in Asturias and Catalonia.
Extremaduran peasant rebellion [es]

(1936)

Location: Spain (Extremadura)

 Spanish Republic UGT Peasant victory 0
Spanish Civil War
(1936–39)

Location: Spain

Spain Republic

Supported by:
 Soviet Union
 Mexico


Volunteers
Rebel or Nationalist faction


Supported by:
Kingdom of Italy Italy[161]
Nazi Germany Germany[162]
Portugal Portugal[163]

Nationalist faction victory 500,000–1,000,000 dead
1936 uprising in Spanish Guinea

(1936)

Location: Modern Equatorial Guinea

Spain Republic Clerical Insurgents Rebel victory
  • Hispanicization of the zone and legally unification of Fernando Poo and Río Muni with the rest of Spain.
  • Gradual Emancipation of the natives.

Francoist Spain

[edit]
Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results Casualties
Spanish Maquis
(1939–1965)

Location: Spain

Francoist Spain
Supported by:
 Nazi Germany
(1939–1945)
Fascist Italy
(1939–1943)
 United States
(after 1953)
Republican Partisans
Supported by:
French Resistance (1940–1944)
Italian Resistance (1943–1945)
Soviet Union (until 1956)
Francoist Victory. Decline and eventual extinction of Maquis activity
Carlist-Falangist internal conflict and conspiracies inner Francoist Regime

(1939-1950s)

Location: Spain

Francoist Spain Requetés/CT

Supported by:


Anti-Francoist Falangists [es]

Supported by:

Government victory
Spanish occupation of Tangier (1940–1945)

Location: North Africa (Morocco)

Spain Spain Tangier International Zone Inconclusive
Eastern Front (World War II)
(1941–1945) Volunteers only

Location: Europe

Axis powers

Axis puppet states
Co-belligerents

Spain Spain
Allies

Former Axis powers or co-belligerents

Aerial and naval only
Volunteers
Soviet-allied victory 22,700
Ifni War
(1957–1958)

Location: North Africa (Morocco and Western Sahara)

 Spain
 France
 Morocco Victory 190 dead
Basque Conflict
(1959–1975)

Location: Spain (Basque Country)

Spain Spain Euskadi Ta Askatasuna Inconclusive
Pro-Moroccan Guerrilla Warfare against Spanish North-Africa[164]

(1968–1975)

Location: Africa (Western Sahara and Plazas de soberanía)

Spain Spain

Supported by:

 Morocco

Victory
Zemla Intifada (1970)[166]

Location: Africa, Western Sahara

 Spain Western Sahara Movement for the Liberation of Saguia el Hamra and Wadi el Dhahab Victory
  • Repression and end of the Harakat Tahrir movement.
Western Sahara Revolt
(1973–75)

Location: Africa, Western Sahara

 Spain
Western Sahara Polisario Front of National Liberation

Limited Support:

 Algeria

Libya Libyan Arab Republic

Inconclusive
Anti-Spanish Terrorist Warfare in Western Sahara[167]

(1974–75)

Location: Western Sahara, Canary Islands and Mauritania

 Spain Western Sahara Polisario Front
Morocco Pro-Moroccan Sahrawi nationalists
Inconclusive, mostly defeat
Green March (1975)

Location: Africa(Western Sahara and Morocco)

 Spain  MoroccoSupported by:

 Mauritania

Inconclusive

Modern

[edit]
Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Basque Conflict
(1975–2011)

Location: Basque Country region (Spain and France)

 Spain
 France
Supported by:
 European Union
 United Kingdom
 United States
 Canada
Euskadi Ta Askatasuna Victory
  • ETA declares definitive cessation of its terrorist activities.
Anti-Spanish Terrorist Warfare in Western Sahara[167][169]

(1975–1987)

Location: Western Sahara, Canary Islands and Morocco

 Spain
Morocco Morocco
Western Sahara Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Stalemate
As Encrobas Conflict

(1975–2007)

Location: Spain (Galicia)

 Spain Peasant revolters Inconclusive
  • Most of the residents abandoned their homes.
Búnker's Confrontations

(1975–early 1980s)

Location: Spain

 Spain

Democratic Junta of Spain Limited Support:
 European Union
Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (1976–1978)

Neo-Francoists [es]

Limited Support:
Traditionalist Carlists [es] (1976)
 NATO (until 1982)

Democratical victory
Violence in Canary Islands

(1976–1979)Location: Canary Islands

 Spain Canarian nationalists

Limited Support:

 Algeria

 Libya

Victory
Bonito War [es]

(1990s)

Location: Atlantic Ocean

 Spain  United Kingdom

 France
 Ireland

Inconclusive
  • The efforts of all the governments involved managed to end the tension between the fleets, but there would still be protests from the Spanish fishing fleet.
Gulf War
(1991)

Location: Persian Gulf (Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia)

 Kuwait
 United States
 United Kingdom
 Spain
 Saudi Arabia
 France
 Egypt
 Syria

Other Allies

Ba'athist Iraq Victory
  • Kuwait regains its independence
Somali Civil War
(1992–1995)

Location: East Africa (Somalia)

 United States
 United Kingdom
 Spain
 Saudi Arabia
 Malaysia
 Pakistan
 Italy
 India
 Greece
 Germany
 France
 Canada
 Botswana
 Belgium
 Australia
Somalia Somalia Victory
  • UN humanitarian mandate fulfilled.
  • About 100,000 lives were saved by outside resistance.
  • Civil war is ongoing.
Bosnian intervention
(1992–1996)

Location: Balkans (Bosnia and Herzegovina)

 NATO
United Nations United Nations Protection Force
 Yugoslavia Victory
Turbot War (1994–1996)

Location: Grand Banks of Newfoundland and English Channel

 Spain
 European Union
 Canada Defeat
  • Canadian Position Recognized
  • In 1996, Canada agrees not to apply its laws to Spanish fishing vessels with criteria of extraterritoriality.
Kosovo War
(1998–99)

Location: Balkans (Kosovo and Albania)

Kosovo Liberation Army KLA

 NATO

 Yugoslavia Victory
1999 East Timorese crisis (1999–2005)  East Timor

INTERFET

United Nations UNTAET

Indonesia Pro-Indonesia militias

Supported by:

Victory
  • Independence of East Timor is seizured
War in Afghanistan
(2001–2021)

Location: Afghanistan

 Afghanistan
ISAF
Afghanistan Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan Defeat
Operation Active Endeavour

(2001–2016)

 NATO Non-NATO:
Unspecified terrorist and smuggling groups "Victory"
Perejil Island crisis
(2002)

Location: North Africa, Perejil Island

 Spain  Morocco Victory
  • Moroccan soldiers removed by Spanish military
Iraq War
(2003–04)

Location: Middle East (Iraq)

MNF–I
 Iraq after the fall of Saddam Hussein

 Iraqi Kurdistan
 Iraq under Saddam Hussein

Various insurgents

Coalition victory
  • Fall of Ba'athist rule in Iraq
  • Deployment in Najaf
  • Spanish withdrawal in 2004, escalation of sectarian insurgency after U.S. withdrawal in 2011
Operation Atalanta

(2008–)

 European Union (European Union Training Mission in Somalia)

Non EU:

Somali pirates Ongoing
Boko Haram insurgency
(2009–)

Location: Sub-Saharan Africa (Mostly Nigeria)

 Nigeria
 Cameroon
 Chad
 Niger
Supported by:
African Union
 Belgium
 Benin
 Canada
 China
 Colombia
 France
 Iran
 Israel
 Italy
 Spain
 United Kingdom
 United States
Boko Haram Ongoing
Libyan intervention
(2011)

Location: North Africa, Libya

NATOMany NATO members acting under United Nations UN mandate and
Libya Anti-Gaddafi forces
Arab League several Arab League states

 Sweden

Libya Pro-Gaddafi forces Victory
2012 Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera incident (2012)

Location: North Africa, Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera

 Spain  Morocco Victory
  • Moroccan activists arrested
Mali War (2012–)

Location: West Africa (Mostly Mali)

 France
 Mali
 Chad
 Spain[177]

 Poland

 United Kingdom

 Germany

Ansar Dine

Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb

 ISIL


Azawad Azawad

Ongoing
Central African Republic Civil War (2012–)

Location: Central Africa

 Central African Republic

MINUSCA (since 2014)
 Rwanda (since 2020)[178]
 Russia (since 2018)[178]
Wagner Group[179]

Black Russians[181]


Formerly:

 South Africa (2013)
MISCA (2013–2014)

 France (2013–2021)[183]
EUFOR RCA
(2014–2015)

PRNC
Lord's Resistance Army
Azande Ani Kpi Gbe (since March 2023)[184]

Support:

Defunct groups:

RJ (2013–2018)
MNLC (2017–2019)
MLCJ (2008–2022)
RPRC (2014–2022)
Ongoing
Military intervention against ISIL
(2014–)

Location: Muslim world (Middle East and North Africa, Caucasus and Southeast Asia)

United States United States
 Belgium (2014–17)
 Denmark
 Sweden
 France
 Germany
 Italy
 Turkey (2014–17)
 Netherlands
 Jordan
 Morocco (2014–16)
 Spain[188][189]
 United Kingdom
 ISIL Ongoing
2017–2018 Spanish constitutional crisis

(2017–2018)

Location: Catalonia

 Spain Generalitat de Catalunya Victory of Spanish Government

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Fought against England during Despenser's Crusade.
  2. ^ Fought with England during the Caroline War.
  3. ^ Fought with England during Despenser's Crusade.
  4. ^ The only party under Francisco Franco from 1937 onward, a merger of the other factions on the Nationalist side.
  5. ^ a b c d 1936–1937, then merged into FET y de las JONS

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