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Wanderer (company)

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Wanderer
IndustryBicycles, Automobiles
Founded1896 by Johann Baptist Winklhofer und Richard Adolf Jaenicke
Defunct1945
Fatemerged into Auto Union (car division only)
HeadquartersSaxony, Germany
ParentAuto Union Edit this on Wikidata

Wanderer was a German manufacturer of bicycles, motorcycles, automobiles, vans and other machinery. Established as Winklhofer & Jaenicke in 1896 by Johann Baptist Winklhofer and Richard Adolf Jaenicke, the company used the Wanderer brand name from 1911, making civilian automobiles until 1941 and military vehicles until 1945.

Wanderer was last active as a financial holding company without its own business operations and went bankrupt in July 2010. The brand was then acquired by Cologne-based manufacturer Zweirad Einkaufs Genossenschaft (ZEG).[1]

History

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Wanderer W 23 Cabriolet 1938
Wanderer W 24 1937
Wanderer W 24 1939
Wanderer W25K (1936–1938)
Wanderer W51S
Continental typewriter from Wanderer, currently at the MEK

Winklhofer & Jaenicke was established in 1896 in Chemnitz. It built motorcycles from 1902 and automobiles from 1903. The Wanderer brand was chosen in 1911 for overseas exports and was soon adopted for domestic sales.

The first two- or three-seater models used four-cylinder 1145 cc and 1220 cc engines. The 1220 cc model lasted until 1925. The first six-cylinder model appeared in 1928. By 1926, when Wanderer introduced a successful Typ 10, the company was making 25 vehicles a day; parts were made at the old plant in Chemnitz and assembled at the 1927 built new site in Siegmar, delivered by rail right to the assembly line. Motorcycle production continued in Chemnitz alone.

During the Great Depression, in 1929, the company owner, Dresdner Bank, sold the motorcycle business to František Janeček, and in 1932 divested the rest of Wanderer. The car division with its Siegmar factory became part of Auto Union together with Horch, Audi and DKW. In this quartet, Horch was positioned as the luxury brand, DKW and Slaby-Beringer built cheap two-stroke cars, and Audi and Wanderer competed in the Middle class and Upper Middle class segments the same way GM's Buick and Oldsmobile divisions were used, technologically advanced small cars (the heaviest, 6-cylinder Wanderers reached 1.5 tons dry weight). Wanderers of the Nazi period acquired a trademark radiator design, shaped as a heraldic shield.

The next model W17 7/35 PS was propelled by a new 1692 cc OHV four-cylinder engine developed by Ferdinand Porsche. In 1933 the new Audi Front was equipped with the Wanderer W22 engine, a 1950 cc OHV six-cylinder, also a Porsche design. The top model from 1936 to 1939 was the W50, propelled by a 2257 cc six-cylinder engine. From 1937 on there were also sporting fours (W24 and W25) and another six-cylinder model of 2632 cc (W23), propelled by new Flathead engines constructed by Auto Union itself. Wanderer cars were always admired for their high quality and sporting character.

During World War II, all civilian production was replaced in 1941 with licence-built military vehicles, such as Steyr 1500A light truck. A subcamp of Flossenbürg concentration camp, KZ Siegmar-Schonau, was operated during the war to provide slave labour for the Wanderer vehicle plants.[2] From 1943 on the Auto Union Siegmar plant produced Maybach HL230 V12 engines, used in many heavy tanks of the German Wehrmacht.

The Wanderer Siegmar plant (now Chemnitz) of Auto Union was destroyed in early 1945, closing this chapter in the history of automobiles. Post-war efforts to restore East German auto industry concentrated on Auto Union facilities in Zwickau and Zschopau: Wanderer car production never recovered, with Auto Union relocating to Ingolstadt, West Germany, where the company was rebuilt based using the DKW and, ultimately, the Audi brand.

Company History from 1945

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Following the end of World War II, a referendum on 30 June 1946 saw the expropriation of war and Nazi criminals by the occupying Soviet forces. This resulted in both the Wanderer works company and Auto Union enterprises being partially dismantled and their assets taken as reparations to the Soviet Union by 1948. This gave way to the rearrangement of state-owned enterprises (VEB):

  • the car factory in Siegmar was allocated as part of the Vehicle Construction Industry Association (IFA) and was later part of the VEB Barkas-Werke (which is now the VW engine factory in Chemnitz).
  • Meanwhile, the machine tool area initially continued as VEB Wanderer-Fräsmaschinenbau was changed to VEB Fritz-Heckert-Werk in 1951. It later became the parent company of the VEB machine tool combine ‘Fritz-Heckert’ (now the Starrag Group).
  • The office machine business in Schönau was reorganised as VEB Wanderer-Continental office machine works, under the umbrella of VVB Mechanik. It was then merged with the former Astrawerke AG and formed as VEB Büromaschinen Chemnitz in 1953, but two years later spun off again as VEB Industriewerke Karl-Marx-Stadt and commissioned with the production of aircraft engines. The production of typewriters passed to the Optima office machine factory in Erfurt, whilst calculators and booking machines were further developed and created in the VEB booking machine factory in Karl-Marx-Stadt (formerly known as the Astrawerke). Following the suspension of the GDR's own aircraft construction in 1961, hydraulic pumps and vehicle engines were manufactured in the industrial plant. A small part of it managed to remain after the reunification as Sachsenhydraulik GmbH, before eventually being passed to the US company Parker-Hannifin.[3]

Automobile models

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Type Years Engine type Displacement Engine power Top speed
W1 (5/12 PS) "Puppchen" 1912–1913 straight-4 1147 cc 12 PS
(8.8 kW; 12 hp) 		70 km/h
(43 mph)
W2 (5/15 PS) "Puppchen" 1913–1914 straight-4 1222 cc 15 PS
(11 kW; 15 hp) 		70 km/h
(43 mph)
W3 (5/15 PS) "Puppchen" 1914–1919 straight-4 1286 cc 15 PS
(11 kW; 15 hp) 		70 km/h
(43 mph)
W4 (5/15 PS) "Puppchen" 1919–1924 straight-4 1306 cc 17 PS
(13 kW; 17 hp) 		78 km/h
(48 mph)
W6 (6/18 PS) 1921–1923 straight-4 1551 cc 18 PS
(13 kW; 18 hp) 		80 km/h
(50 mph)
W9 (6/24 PS) 1923–1925 straight-4 1551 cc 24 PS
(18 kW; 24 hp) 		85 km/h
(53 mph)
W8 (5/20 PS) “Puppchen” 1925–1926 straight-4 1306 cc 20 PS
(15 kW; 20 hp) 		78 km/h
(48 mph)
W10/I (6/30 PS) 1926–1928 straight-4 1551 cc 30 PS
(22 kW; 30 hp) 		85 km/h
(53 mph)
W10/II (8/40 PS) 1927–1929 straight-4 1940 cc 40 PS
(29 kW; 39 hp) 		95 km/h
(59 mph)
W11 (10/50 PS) 1928–1930 straight-6 2540 cc 50 PS
(37 kW; 49 hp) 		90 km/h
(56 mph)
W10/IV (6/30 PS) 1930–1932 straight-4 1563 cc 30 PS
(22 kW; 30 hp) 		85 km/h
(53 mph)
W11 (10/50 PS) 1930–1933 straight-6 2540 cc 50 PS
(37 kW; 49 hp) 		97 km/h
(60 mph)
W14 (12/65 PS) 1931–1932 straight-6 2970–2995 cc 65 PS
(48 kW; 64 hp) 		105 km/h
(65 mph)
W15 (6/30 PS) 1932 straight-4 1563 cc 30 PS
(22 kW; 30 hp) 		85 km/h
(53 mph)
W17 (7/35 PS) 1932–1933 straight-6 1690 cc 35 PS
(26 kW; 35 hp) 		90 km/h
(56 mph)
W20 (8/40 PS) 1932–1933 straight-6 1950 cc 40 PS
(29 kW; 39 hp) 		95 km/h
(59 mph)
W21 / W235 / W35 1933–1936 straight-6 1690 cc 35 PS
(26 kW; 35 hp) 		95 km/h
(59 mph)
Wanderer W23S 1937–1939 straight-6 2651 cc 62 PS
(46 kW; 61 hp) 		90 km/h
(56 mph)
W22 / W240 / W40 1933–1938 straight-6 1950 cc 40 PS
(29 kW; 39 hp) 		100 km/h
(62 mph)
W245 / W250 1935 straight-6 2257 cc 50 PS
(37 kW; 49 hp) 		100 km/h
(62 mph) - 105 km/h
(65 mph)
W45 / W50 / Spezial W51 1936–1938 straight-6 2257 cc 55 PS
(40 kW; 54 hp) 		100 km/h
(62 mph) - 105 km/h
(65 mph)
W25K 1936–1938 straight-6 1950 cc 85 PS
(63 kW; 84 hp) 		145 km/h
(90 mph)
W52 1937 straight-6 2651 cc 62 PS
(46 kW; 61 hp) 		115 km/h
(71 mph)
W24 1937–1940 straight-4 1767 cc 42 PS
(31 kW; 41 hp) 		105 km/h
(65 mph)
W26 1937–1940 straight-6 2651 cc 62 PS
(46 kW; 61 hp) 		115 km/h
(71 mph)
W23 1937–1941 straight-6 2651 cc 62 PS
(46 kW; 61 hp) 		105 km/h
(65 mph)

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "ZEG Zweirad-Einkaufs-Genossenschaft eG". www.zeg.de. Retrieved 2022-08-29.
  2. ^ "Appendix F: Concentration Camps: Endlösung – The Final Solution". Christine O’Keeffe Tartan History. Tartanplace.com. Retrieved 2010-10-02.
  3. ^ "Historisches Chemnitz". www.historisches-chemnitz.de. Retrieved 2023-08-17.
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