Zahra Rahnavard
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Zahra Rahnavard | |
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| Born | Zohreh Kazemi 19 August 1945 |
| Nationality | Iranian |
| Alma mater | University of Tehran Islamic Azad University |
| Occupation | Academic |
| Title | Former Chancellor of Alzahra University |
| Political party | |
| Movement | Islamic feminism[1] |
| Spouse | Mir-Hossein Mousavi |
| Children | 3 |
Zahra Rahnavard (Persian: زهرا رهنورد; born Zohreh Kazemi; 19 August 1945) is an Iranian academic, artist and politician.[2] Rahnavard is a university professor, artist, and intellectual who was under house arrest from February 2011 to May 2018. In 2009, Foreign Policy magazine named her one of the world's most distinguished thinkers.[3] She is the wife of former Iran Prime Minister Mir Hussein Musavi. In part of her work, she has underlined the need for men to respect the laws of the hijab in the same way as women, as well as a general activist for women's rights in the Middle East.[4]
Early life
[edit]Rahnavard was born in Boroojerd, Iran. Her father Haj-Fathali, was a Sh'ia and anti-Communist. After hearing of a gathering of Sh'ia clerics in Iran, Haj-Fathali emigrated to Khomein, Markazi Province where Zahra was raised.[citation needed] Zahra Rahnavard earned her bachelor and master's degrees in art and architecture from University of Tehran. She also has master's and PhD degrees from Islamic Azad University in Political science.[5]
Career
[edit]
Rahnavard was among the early revolutionaries against the Shah. In the last years of the Shah, she was close to Ali Shariati, a dissident Islamist leader.[6] Rahnavard along with former President Rouhani and Mr. Mir-Hossein Mousavi proposed and pioneered the mandatory Hijab, which went into effect shortly after the revolution.
Rahnavard served as the Chancellor of Alzahra University in Tehran from 1998 to 2006 and as a Political Adviser to the former Iranian President Mohammad Khatami.[7][8] Rahnavard was the first Iranian woman appointed as a chancellor of a university since the Iranian Revolution of 1979. She was nominated to this post by former Minister of Science, Research and Technology, Mostafa Moin.[9] After the election of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad in 2005 and the purging of reformist officials from the government, Rahnavard was removed (or resigned) from her position as the Chancellor of Al-zahra University in 2006, replaced by Mahboubeh Mobasheri.[10]
As the head of the Women's Social and Cultural Council, established in 1989 as one of seven government committees exploring various social issues, Rahnavard has called for these committees to be more equally represented by women members and has been an outspoken critic of the government's failure to accord women what, in her opinion, are their legitimate social and civil rights under the Qu’ran.[11]
She was an active member of her husband Mir-Hossein Mousavi's campaign when Mousavi entered the 2009 presidential election. Now she is a member of The Green Path of Hope and one of the Opposition's Leaders. Rahnavard is also the author of 15 books.
In February 2009 and more than a year after the protests of the Green Movement, Zahra Rahnavard and her husband Mousavi were placed under house arrest by security agents, and all their communications were cut off.[12]
Personal life
[edit]Rahnavard is the wife of Mir-Hossein Mousavi, the former Prime Minister of Iran and had three daughters: Kokab, Narges and Zahra. She and Mousavi married on 18 September 1969. They are currently under house arrest.
References
[edit]- ^ Ziba Mir-Hosseini, "FEMINIST MOVEMENTS iv. IN THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC", Encyclopædia Iranica, IX/5, pp. 498-503, available online at http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/feminist-movements-iv (Retrieved 30 December 2012).
- ^ "Zahra Rahnavard - O Magazine 2010 Power List". Oprah. 2010. Archived from the original on 18 September 2010. Retrieved 15 September 2010.
- ^ "Zahra Rahnavard: The Story of a Career". Tavaana. 19 August 2015. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
- ^ "Rahnavard, Zahra | Encyclopedia of Women Social Reformers - Credo Reference". search.credoreference.com. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
- ^ "بیوگرافی زهرا رهنورد". Yazd Farda. 6 May 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
- ^ Alavi, Nasrin (2 June 2009). "Iran: a blind leap of faith". Open Democracy. Archived from the original on 1 July 2011. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
- ^ Torfeh, Massoumeh (5 May 2009). "Iran's first lady?". The Guardian. London.
- ^ [1] Archived 26 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Zahra Rahnavard named university chancellor in Tehran". 23 September 1998. Retrieved 25 November 2012.
- ^ "Rahnavard, Zahra | Encyclopedia of Women Social Reformers - Credo Reference". search.credoreference.com. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
- ^ "Rahnavard, Zahra | Encyclopedia of Women Social Reformers - Credo Reference". search.credoreference.com. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
- ^ "Iranian Authorities Arrest Opposition Leader's Daughters". Updated News. Reuters. 11 February 2013. Archived from the original on 8 July 2013. Retrieved 11 February 2013.
External links
[edit]
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
- 1945 births
- Living people
- University of Tehran alumni
- Islamic Azad University alumni
- Iranian Green Movement
- Iranian women writers
- 21st-century Iranian women politicians
- 21st-century Iranian politicians
- Iranian women academics
- Academic staff of the Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch
- Academic staff of Al-Zahra University
- Iranian prisoners and detainees
- Presidential advisers of Iran
- Association of the Women of the Islamic Republic politicians
- Proponents of Islamic feminism
- People who have been placed under house arrest in Iran
- Recipients of the Order of Culture and Art
- Spouses of prime ministers of Iran