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West Punjab

Coordinates: 31°00′N 72°00′E / 31.000°N 72.000°E / 31.000; 72.000
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This article is about the former province of Pakistan in the Punjab region. For the modern province, see Punjab, Pakistan. For other uses, see Punjab (disambiguation).

West Punjab
‎لہندا پنجاب
مغربی پنجاب
Former province of Pakistan
1947–1955

Province of West Punjab in Pakistan
CapitalLahore
DemonymPunjabi
Area 
• 1947–1955
159,344 km2 (61,523 sq mi)
Government
 • TypeSelf-governing province subject to the central government
Governor 
• 1947–1949
Francis Mudie
• 1949–1951
Abdur Rab Nishtar
• 1951–1953
I. I. Chundrigar
• 1953–1954
Mian Aminuddin
• 1954
Habib Rahimtoola
• 1954–1955
Mian Mushtaq Ahmed
Chief Minister 
• 1947–1949
Iftikhar Hussain Khan
• 1951–1953
Mumtaz Daultana
• 1953–1955
Feroz Khan Noon
• 1955
Abdul Hamid Khan
Historical eraCold War
• Established
14 August 1947
• Disestablished
14 October 1955
Political subdivisions
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
British Punjab
West Pakistan
Today part ofPakistan
Government of Punjab
State emblem of Pakistan
This article is part of the series
Former administrative units of Pakistan
Original provinces
Princely states
One-unit provinces
Other subdivisions

West Punjab (Punjabi: ‎لہندا پنجاب‎; Urdu: مغربی پنجاب) was a province in the Dominion of Pakistan from 1947 to 1955. It was established from the western-half of British Punjab, following the independence of Pakistan. The province covered an area of 159,344 km sq (61523 sq mi), including much of the current Punjab province and the Islamabad Capital Territory, but excluding the former Princely state of Bahawalpur. Lahore, being the largest city and the cultural centre, served as the capital of the province. The province was composed of four divisions (Lahore, Sargodha, Multan and Rawalpindi) and was bordered by the state of Bahawalpur to the south-east, the province of Baluchistan to the south-west and Sind to the south, North-West Frontier Province to the north-west, and Azad Jammu and Kashmir to the north. It shared International border with Indian state of East Punjab to the east and Indian-administered Jammu & Kashmir to the north-east. It was dissolved and merged into West Pakistan upon creation of One Unit Scheme, in 1955.

History

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The creation of Pakistan in 1947 led to the division of the Punjab Province of British India into two new provinces. The largely Sikh and Hindu East Punjab became part of the new nation of India while the largely Muslim West Punjab became part of the new nation of the Dominion of Pakistan. The name of the province was shortened to Punjab in 1950. West Punjab was merged into the province of West Pakistan in 1955 under the One Unit policy announced by Prime Minister Chaudhary Muhammad Ali. When that province was dissolved, the area of the former province of West Punjab was combined with the former state of Bahawalpur to form a new Punjab Province.

Government

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The offices of Governor of West Punjab and Chief Minister of West Punjab lasted from 15 August 1947, until 14 October 1955. The first Governor was Sir Francis Mudie with Iftikhar Hussain Khan as the first Chief Minister. Both offices were abolished in 1955, when the province of West Pakistan was created. The last Governor of West Punjab, Mushtaq Ahmad Gurmani, became the first Governor of West Pakistan.

Tenure Governor of West Punjab[1]
15 August 1947 – 2 August 1949 Sir Francis Mudie
2 August 1949 – 24 November 1951 Sardar Abdur Rab Nishtar
24 November 1951 – 2 May 1953 Ismail Ibrahim Chundrigar
2 May 1953 – 24 June 1954 Mian Aminuddin
26 September 1954 – 26 November 1954 Habib Ibrahim Rahmatullah
27 November 1954 – 14 October 1955 Mushtaq Ahmad Gurmani
14 October 1955 Province of West Punjab dissolved
Tenure Chief Minister of West Punjab[1] Political Party
15 August 1947 – 25 January 1949 Iftikhar Hussain Khan
25 January 1949 – 5 April 1952 Governor's Rule
5 April 1952 – 3 April 1953 Mian Mumtaz Daultana Pakistan Muslim League
3 April 1953 – 21 May 1955 Malik Firoz Khan Nun Pakistan Muslim League
21 May 1955 – 14 October 1955 Abdul Hamid Khan Dasti
14 October 1955 Province of West Punjab dissolved

Demographics

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Religion

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1901 census

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Religions in West Punjab, Pakistan region (1901)[2]: 34 [3]: 62 [a]

  Islam (76.25%)
  Hinduism (18.65%)
  Sikhism (4.64%)
  Christianity (0.41%)
  Jainism (0.05%)
  Others[b] (0.003%)
Religion in the Districts & Princely States of West Punjab, Pakistan region (1901)[2]: 34 [3]: 62 [a]
District/
Princely State 		Islam Hinduism Sikhism Christianity Jainism Others[b] Total
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Lahore District 717,519 61.74% 276,375 23.78% 159,701 13.74% 7,296 0.63% 1,047 0.09% 171 0.01% 1,162,109 100%
Sialkot District 716,953 66.15% 302,012 27.86% 50,982 4.7% 11,939 1.1% 2,008 0.19% 15 0% 1,083,909 100%
Rawalpindi District 803,283 86.32% 86,269 9.27% 32,234 3.46% 7,614 0.82% 1,068 0.11% 67 0.01% 930,535 100%
Lyallpur District 484,657 61.2% 210,459 26.58% 88,049 11.12% 8,672 1.1% 23 0% 1 0% 791,861 100%
Gujranwala District 531,908 70.28% 169,594 22.41% 51,607 6.82% 2,748 0.36% 932 0.12% 8 0% 756,797 100%
Gujrat District 655,838 87.38% 69,346 9.24% 24,893 3.32% 460 0.06% 11 0% 0 0% 750,548 100%
Bahawalpur State 598,139 82.97% 114,670 15.91% 7,985 1.11% 83 0.01% 0 0% 0 0% 720,877 100%
Multan District 570,254 80.25% 133,560 18.79% 4,662 0.66% 1,964 0.28% 134 0.02% 52 0.01% 710,626 100%
Jhelum District 526,725 88.67% 51,801 8.72% 15,070 2.54% 271 0.05% 151 0.03% 0 0% 594,018 100%
Shahpur District 442,921 84.49% 68,489 13.06% 12,756 2.43% 91 0.02% 2 0% 0 0% 524,259 100%
Dera Ghazi Khan District 412,012 87.45% 57,815 12.27% 1,027 0.22% 152 0.03% 143 0.03% 0 0% 471,149 100%
Montgomery District 334,474 72.15% 109,945 23.72% 19,092 4.12% 66 0.01% 8 0% 1 0% 463,586 100%
Mianwali District 371,674 87.54% 50,202 11.82% 2,633 0.62% 44 0.01% 35 0.01% 0 0% 424,588 100%
Muzaffargarh District 350,177 86.32% 52,221 12.87% 3,225 0.8% 33 0.01% 0 0% 0 0% 405,656 100%
Jhang District 295,481 78.03% 79,650 21.03% 3,526 0.93% 38 0.01% 0 0% 0 0% 378,695 100%
Shakargarh Tehsil[c] 115,189 49.13% 111,819 47.69% 6,557 2.8% 900 0.38% 0 0% 0 0% 234,465 100%
Biloch Trans–Frontier Tract 23,951 99.44% 136 0.56% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 24,087 100%
Total 7,951,155 76.25% 1,944,363 18.65% 483,999 4.64% 42,371 0.41% 5,562 0.05% 315 0.003% 10,427,765 100%
Territory comprises the contemporary state of Punjab, Pakistan.

1911 census

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Religions in West Punjab, Pakistan region (1911)[4]: 27 [5]: 27 [d]

  Islam (76.49%)
  Hinduism (14.82%)
  Sikhism (7.33%)
  Christianity (1.30%)
  Jainism (0.05%)
  Others[b] (0.005%)
Religion in the Districts & Princely States of West Punjab, Pakistan region (1911)[4]: 27 [5]: 27 [d]
District/
Princely State 		Islam Hinduism Sikhism Christianity Jainism Others[b] Total
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Lahore District 626,271 60.44% 217,609 21% 169,008 16.31% 21,781 2.1% 1,139 0.11% 350 0.03% 1,036,158 100%
Sialkot District 604,801 61.74% 242,325 24.74% 81,761 8.35% 48,620 4.96% 2,029 0.21% 17 0% 979,553 100%
Gujranwala District 622,430 67.4% 176,075 19.07% 107,748 11.67% 16,215 1.76% 950 0.1% 1 0% 923,419 100%
Lyallpur District 524,288 61.13% 154,603 18.03% 146,670 17.1% 32,023 3.73% 125 0.01% 2 0% 857,711 100%
Multan District 665,488 81.67% 126,603 15.54% 19,881 2.44% 2,441 0.3% 394 0.05% 64 0.01% 814,871 100%
Bahawalpur State 654,247 83.81% 109,548 14.03% 16,630 2.13% 199 0.03% 15 0% 2 0% 780,641 100%
Gujrat District 650,893 87.29% 49,430 6.63% 44,693 5.99% 570 0.08% 48 0.01% 0 0% 745,634 100%
Shahpur District 572,565 83.3% 72,695 10.58% 33,456 4.87% 8,616 1.25% 5 0% 29 0% 687,366 100%
Muzaffargarh District 494,915 86.91% 68,158 11.97% 6,322 1.11% 60 0.01% 1 0% 5 0% 569,461 100%
Rawalpindi District 458,101 83.62% 48,449 8.84% 31,839 5.81% 8,320 1.52% 1,028 0.19% 90 0.02% 547,827 100%
Montgomery District 399,723 74.67% 66,803 12.48% 68,175 12.74% 581 0.11% 13 0% 4 0% 535,299 100%
Attock District 471,890 90.88% 19,741 3.8% 26,914 5.18% 707 0.14% 9 0% 12 0% 519,273 100%
Jhang District 422,468 81.95% 73,426 14.24% 19,427 3.77% 201 0.04% 4 0% 0 0% 515,526 100%
Jhelum District 452,260 88.41% 34,261 6.7% 24,436 4.78% 450 0.09% 163 0.03% 5 0% 511,575 100%
Dera Ghazi Khan District 442,234 88.47% 56,485 11.3% 1,042 0.21% 76 0.02% 23 0% 0 0% 499,860 100%
Mianwali District 299,971 87.87% 36,326 10.64% 4,881 1.43% 168 0.05% 31 0.01% 0 0% 341,377 100%
Shakargarh Tehsil[c] 103,356 49.11% 93,052 44.22% 10,553 5.01% 3,486 1.66% 0 0% 0 0% 210,447 100%
Biloch Trans–Frontier Tract 28,413 99.39% 169 0.59% 5 0.02% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 28,587 100%
Total 8,494,314 76.49% 1,645,758 14.82% 813,441 7.33% 144,514 1.3% 5,977 0.05% 581 0.01% 11,104,585 100%
Territory comprises the contemporary state of Punjab, Pakistan.

1921 census

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Religions in West Punjab, Pakistan region (1921)[6]: 29 [e]

  Islam (75.49%)
  Hinduism (15.12%)
  Sikhism (7.26%)
  Christianity (2.08%)
  Jainism (0.05%)
  Others[b] (0.004%)
Religion in the Districts & Princely States of West Punjab, Pakistan region (1921)[6]: 29 [e]
District/
Princely State 		Islam Hinduism Sikhism Christianity Jainism Others[b] Total
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Lahore District 647,640 57.25% 255,690 22.6% 179,975 15.91% 46,454 4.11% 1,209 0.11% 368 0.03% 1,131,336 100%
Lyallpur District 594,917 60.74% 181,488 18.53% 160,821 16.42% 42,004 4.29% 231 0.02% 2 0% 979,463 100%
Sialkot District 580,532 61.9% 217,912 23.24% 74,939 7.99% 62,266 6.64% 2,147 0.23% 27 0% 937,823 100%
Multan District 731,605 82.18% 134,013 15.05% 18,562 2.08% 6,006 0.67% 28 0% 50 0.01% 890,264 100%
Gujrat District 709,684 86.12% 62,529 7.59% 49,456 6% 2,373 0.29% 4 0% 0 0% 824,046 100%
Bahawalpur State 647,207 82.85% 114,621 14.67% 19,071 2.44% 283 0.04% 1 0% 8 0% 781,191 100%
Shahpur District 596,100 82.8% 82,182 11.42% 30,361 4.22% 11,270 1.57% 3 0% 2 0% 719,918 100%
Montgomery District 513,055 71.88% 94,791 13.28% 95,520 13.38% 10,408 1.46% 12 0% 0 0% 713,786 100%
Gujranwala District 443,147 71.06% 101,566 16.29% 50,802 8.15% 27,308 4.38% 754 0.12% 4 0% 623,581 100%
Jhang District 475,388 83.32% 85,339 14.96% 9,376 1.64% 449 0.08% 7 0% 0 0% 570,559 100%
Rawalpindi District 470,038 82.58% 57,185 10.05% 31,718 5.57% 9,286 1.63% 954 0.17% 43 0.01% 569,224 100%
Muzaffargarh District 493,369 86.79% 69,878 12.29% 4,869 0.86% 356 0.06% 6 0% 0 0% 568,478 100%
Sheikhupura District 330,880 63.25% 85,781 16.4% 82,965 15.86% 23,431 4.48% 78 0.01% 0 0% 523,135 100%
Attock District 465,694 90.91% 26,184 5.11% 19,809 3.87% 557 0.11% 5 0% 0 0% 512,249 100%
Jhelum District 422,979 88.66% 34,837 7.3% 18,626 3.9% 430 0.09% 195 0.04% 1 0% 477,068 100%
Dera Ghazi Khan District 411,431 87.72% 56,346 12.01% 932 0.2% 47 0.01% 296 0.06% 0 0% 469,052 100%
Mianwali District 308,876 86.23% 45,974 12.83% 2,986 0.83% 369 0.1% 0 0% 0 0% 358,205 100%
Shakargarh Tehsil[c] 106,168 49.88% 90,645 42.59% 12,303 5.78% 3,733 1.75% 0 0% 0 0% 212,849 100%
Biloch Trans–Frontier Tract 26,578 99.33% 180 0.67% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 26,758 100%
Total 8,975,288 75.49% 1,797,141 15.12% 863,091 7.26% 247,030 2.08% 5,930 0.05% 505 0.004% 11,888,985 100%
Territory comprises the contemporary state of Punjab, Pakistan.

1931 census

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Religions in West Punjab, Pakistan region (1931)[7]: 227 [f]

  Islam (75.28%)
  Hinduism[g] (13.94%)
  Sikhism (8.41%)
  Christianity (2.31%)
  Jainism (0.05%)
  Others[b] (0.003%)
Religion in the Districts & Princely States of West Punjab, Pakistan region (1931)[7]: 277 [f]
District/
Princely State 		Islam Hinduism [g] Sikhism Christianity Jainism Others[b] Total
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Lahore District 815,820 59.18% 259,725 18.84% 244,304 17.72% 57,097 4.14% 1,450 0.11% 174 0.01% 1,378,570 100%
Multan District 942,937 80.26% 182,029 15.49% 39,453 3.36% 9,924 0.84% 440 0.04% 117 0.01% 1,174,900 100%
Lyallpur District 720,996 62.62% 173,344 15.06% 211,391 18.36% 45,518 3.95% 95 0.01% 7 0% 1,151,351 100%
Montgomery District 697,542 69.77% 136,783 13.68% 148,155 14.82% 17,245 1.72% 38 0% 9 0% 999,772 100%
Bahawalpur State 799,176 81.17% 149,454 15.18% 34,896 3.54% 1,054 0.11% 12 0% 20 0% 984,612 100%
Sialkot District 609,633 62.23% 206,421 21.07% 94,955 9.69% 66,365 6.77% 2,236 0.23% 7 0% 979,617 100%
Gujrat District 786,750 85.29% 73,356 7.95% 59,188 6.42% 3,097 0.34% 32 0% 4 0% 922,427 100%
Shahpur District 679,546 82.72% 90,561 11.02% 40,074 4.88% 11,294 1.37% 14 0% 1 0% 821,490 100%
Gujranwala District 521,343 70.82% 92,764 12.6% 71,595 9.73% 49,364 6.71% 1,071 0.15% 1 0% 736,138 100%
Sheikhupura District 445,996 64.01% 81,887 11.75% 119,477 17.15% 49,266 7.07% 100 0.01% 6 0% 696,732 100%
Jhang District 552,853 83.16% 102,990 15.49% 8,476 1.27% 494 0.07% 0 0% 20 0% 664,833 100%
Rawalpindi District 524,965 82.76% 59,485 9.38% 41,265 6.51% 7,486 1.18% 1,077 0.17% 79 0.01% 634,357 100%
Muzaffargarh District 513,265 86.79% 72,577 12.27% 5,287 0.89% 246 0.04% 0 0% 0 0% 591,375 100%
Attock District 531,793 91.07% 31,932 5.47% 19,522 3.34% 710 0.12% 2 0% 1 0% 583,960 100%
Jhelum District 482,097 89.1% 36,068 6.67% 22,030 4.07% 672 0.12% 209 0.04% 0 0% 541,076 100%
Dera Ghazi Khan District 432,911 88.16% 57,217 11.65% 760 0.15% 31 0.01% 125 0.03% 0 0% 491,044 100%
Mianwali District 357,109 86.77% 49,794 12.1% 4,231 1.03% 380 0.09% 20 0% 5 0% 411,539 100%
Shakargarh Tehsil[c] 125,828 50.87% 101,318 40.96% 15,730 6.36% 4,487 1.81% 0 0% 0 0% 247,363 100%
Biloch Trans–Frontier Tract 29,469 99.42% 173 0.58% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 29,642 100%
Total 10,570,029 75.28% 1,957,878 13.94% 1,180,789 8.41% 324,730 2.31% 6,921 0.05% 451 0.003% 14,040,798 100%
Territory comprises the contemporary state of Punjab, Pakistan.

1941 census

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Religions in West Punjab, Pakistan region (1941)[8]: 42 [h]

  Islam (75.06%)
  Hinduism[g] (13.68%)
  Sikhism (8.82%)
  Christianity (2.28%)
  Jainism (0.05%)
  Others[b] (0.11%)

At Independence there was a Muslim majority in West Punjab with a significant Hindu and Sikh minority. Nearly all of these minorities left West Punjab for India, to be replaced by large numbers of Muslims fleeing from the opposite direction.

Religion in the Districts & Princely States of West Punjab, Pakistan region (1941)[8]: 42 [h]
District/
Princely State 		Islam Hinduism [g] Sikhism Christianity Jainism Others[b] Total
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Lahore District 1,027,772 60.62% 284,689 16.79% 310,646 18.32% 70,147 4.14% 1,951 0.12% 170 0.01% 1,695,375 100%
Multan District 1,157,911 78.01% 249,872 16.83% 61,628 4.15% 14,290 0.96% 552 0.04% 80 0.01% 1,484,333 100%
Lyallpur District 877,518 62.85% 204,059 14.61% 262,737 18.82% 51,948 3.72% 35 0% 8 0% 1,396,305 100%
Bahawalpur State 1,098,814 81.93% 174,408 13% 46,945 3.5% 3,048 0.23% 351 0.03% 17,643 1.32% 1,341,209 100%
Montgomery District 918,564 69.11% 210,966 15.87% 175,064 13.17% 24,432 1.84% 49 0% 28 0% 1,329,103 100%
Sialkot District 739,218 62.09% 231,319 19.43% 139,409 11.71% 75,831 6.37% 3,250 0.27% 1,470 0.12% 1,190,497 100%
Gujrat District 945,609 85.58% 84,643 7.66% 70,233 6.36% 4,449 0.4% 10 0% 8 0% 1,104,952 100%
Shahpur District 835,918 83.68% 102,172 10.23% 48,046 4.81% 12,770 1.28% 13 0% 2 0% 998,921 100%
Gujranwala District 642,706 70.45% 108,115 11.85% 99,139 10.87% 60,829 6.67% 1,445 0.16% 0 0% 912,234 100%
Sheikhupura District 542,344 63.62% 89,182 10.46% 160,706 18.85% 60,054 7.04% 221 0.03% 1 0% 852,508 100%
Jhang District 678,736 82.61% 129,889 15.81% 12,238 1.49% 763 0.09% 5 0% 0 0% 821,631 100%
Rawalpindi District 628,193 80% 82,478 10.5% 64,127 8.17% 9,014 1.15% 1,337 0.17% 82 0.01% 785,231 100%
Muzaffargarh District 616,074 86.42% 90,643 12.72% 5,882 0.83% 227 0.03% 0 0% 23 0% 712,849 100%
Attock District 611,128 90.42% 43,209 6.39% 20,120 2.98% 1,392 0.21% 13 0% 13 0% 675,875 100%
Jhelum District 563,033 89.42% 40,888 6.49% 24,680 3.92% 893 0.14% 159 0.03% 5 0% 629,658 100%
Dera Ghazi Khan District 512,678 88.19% 67,407 11.59% 1,072 0.18% 87 0.01% 106 0.02% 0 0% 581,350 100%
Mianwali District 436,260 86.16% 62,814 12.41% 6,865 1.36% 358 0.07% 23 0% 1 0% 506,321 100%
Shakargarh Tehsil[c] 149,600 51.32% 116,553 39.98% 20,573 7.06% 4,779 1.64% 0 0% 0 0% 291,505 100%
Biloch Trans–Frontier Tract 40,084 99.6% 160 0.4% 2 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 40,246 100%
Total 13,022,160 75.06% 2,373,466 13.68% 1,530,112 8.82% 395,311 2.28% 9,520 0.05% 19,534 0.11% 17,350,103 100%
Note: Territory comprises the contemporary state of Punjab, Pakistan.

Language

[edit]

The official language of West Punjab was Urdu but most of the population spoke Punjabi. The linguist George Abraham Grierson in his multi volume Linguistic Survey of India (1904–1928) considered the various dialects up to then called "Western Punjabi", spoken in North, West, and South of Lahore in what is now Pakistani Punjab, as constituting instead a distinct language from Punjabi. (The local dialect of Lahore is the Majhi dialect of Punjabi, which has long been the basis of standard literary Punjabi.) Grierson proposed to name this putative language "Lahnda", and he dubbed as "Southern Lahnda" the coherent dialect cluster now known as Saraiki spoken in Multan Dera Ghazi Khan and Bahawalpur division and "North Lahnda" now known as Potwari spoken in Rawalpindi division and "Western Lahnda" now known as Hindko spoken in the regions bordering Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa.

Contemporary usage

[edit]

The term is often used to refer to the Pakistani Punjab.[9]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b 1901 figure taken from census data by combining the total population of all districts (Lahore, Sialkot, Gujranwala, Gujrat, Shahpur, Jhelum, Rawalpindi, Mianwali, Montgomery, Lyallpur (inscribed as the Chenab Colony on the 1901 census), Jhang, Multan, Muzaffargargh, Dera Ghazi Khan), one tehsil (Shakargarh – then part of Gurdaspur District), one princely state (Bahawalpur), and one tract (Biloch Trans–Frontier) in Punjab Province, British India that ultimately fell on the western side of the Radcliffe Line. See 1901 census data here: [2]: 34 
    Immediately following the partition of India in 1947, these districts and tract would ultimately make up the subdivision of West Punjab, which also later included Bahawalpur. The state that makes up this region in the contemporary era is Punjab, Pakistan.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Including Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Tribals, others, or not stated
  3. ^ a b c d e Part of Gurdaspur District which was awarded to Pakistan as part of the Radcliffe Line.
  4. ^ a b 1911 figure taken from census data by combining the total population of all districts (Lahore, Sialkot, Gujranwala, Gujrat, Shahpur, Jhelum, Rawalpindi, Attock, Mianwali, Montgomery, Lyallpur, Jhang, Multan, Muzaffargargh, Dera Ghazi Khan), one tehsil (Shakargarh – then part of Gurdaspur District), one princely state (Bahawalpur), and one tract (Biloch Trans–Frontier) in Punjab Province, British India that ultimately fell on the western side of the Radcliffe Line. See 1911 census data here: [4]: 27 [5]: 27 
    Immediately following the partition of India in 1947, these districts and tract would ultimately make up the subdivision of West Punjab, which also later included Bahawalpur. The state that makes up this region in the contemporary era is Punjab, Pakistan.
  5. ^ a b 1921 figure taken from census data by combining the total population of all districts (Lahore, Sialkot, Gujranwala, Sheikhupura, Gujrat, Shahpur, Jhelum, Rawalpindi, Attock, Mianwali, Montgomery, Lyallpur, Jhang, Multan, Muzaffargargh, Dera Ghazi Khan), one tehsil (Shakargarh – then part of Gurdaspur District), one princely state (Bahawalpur), and one tract (Biloch Trans–Frontier) in Punjab Province, British India that ultimately fell on the western side of the Radcliffe Line. See 1921 census data here: [6]: 29 
    Immediately following the partition of India in 1947, these districts and tract would ultimately make up the subdivision of West Punjab, which also later included Bahawalpur. The state that makes up this region in the contemporary era is Punjab, Pakistan.
  6. ^ a b 1931 figure taken from census data by combining the total population of all districts (Lahore, Sialkot, Gujranwala, Sheikhupura, Gujrat, Shahpur, Jhelum, Rawalpindi, Attock, Mianwali, Montgomery, Lyallpur, Jhang, Multan, Muzaffargargh, Dera Ghazi Khan), one tehsil (Shakargarh – then part of Gurdaspur District), one princely state (Bahawalpur), and one tract (Biloch Trans–Frontier) in Punjab Province, British India that ultimately fell on the western side of the Radcliffe Line. See 1931 census data here: [7]: 277 
    Immediately following the partition of India in 1947, these districts and tract would ultimately make up the subdivision of West Punjab, which also later included Bahawalpur. The state that makes up this region in the contemporary era is Punjab, Pakistan.
  7. ^ a b c d Including Ad-Dharmis
  8. ^ a b 1941 figure taken from census data by combining the total population of all districts (Lahore, Sialkot, Gujranwala, Sheikhupura, Gujrat, Shahpur, Jhelum, Rawalpindi, Attock, Mianwali, Montgomery, Lyallpur, Jhang, Multan, Muzaffargargh, Dera Ghazi Khan), one tehsil (Shakargarh – then part of Gurdaspur District), one princely state (Bahawalpur), and one tract (Biloch Trans–Frontier) in Punjab Province, British India that ultimately fell on the western side of the Radcliffe Line. See 1941 census data here: [8]: 42 
    Immediately following the partition of India in 1947, these districts and tract would ultimately make up the subdivision of West Punjab, which also later included Bahawalpur. The state that makes up this region in the contemporary era is Punjab, Pakistan.

References

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  1. ^ a b Ben Cahoon, WorldStatesmen.org. "Pakistan Provinces". Retrieved 3 October 2007.
  2. ^ a b c "Census of India 1901. [Vol. 17A]. Imperial tables, I-VIII, X-XV, XVII and XVIII for the Punjab, with the native states under the political control of the Punjab Government, and for the North-west Frontier Province". 1901. JSTOR saoa.crl.25363739. Retrieved 10 March 2024.
  3. ^ a b "Punjab District Gazetteers Gurdaspur District Vol.21 Statistical Tables". 1913. Retrieved 10 March 2024.
  4. ^ a b c "Census of India 1911. Vol. 14, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables". 1911. JSTOR saoa.crl.25393788. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
  5. ^ a b c Kaul, Harikishan (1911). "Census Of India 1911 Punjab Vol XIV Part II". Retrieved 3 March 2024.
  6. ^ a b c "Census of India 1921. Vol. 15, Punjab and Delhi. Pt. 2, Tables". 1921. JSTOR saoa.crl.25430165. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
  7. ^ a b c "Census of India 1931. Vol. 17, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables". 1931. JSTOR saoa.crl.25793242. Retrieved 4 February 2024.
  8. ^ a b c India Census Commissioner (1941). "Census of India, 1941. Vol. 6, Punjab". JSTOR saoa.crl.28215541. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  9. ^ ". Global Affairs and Strategic Studies. Facultad de Derecho". Global Affairs and Strategic Studies (in European Spanish). Retrieved 29 June 2022.
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