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Chivu Stoica

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Chivu Stoica
President of the State Council
In office
24 March 1965 – 9 December 1967
Prime MinisterIon Gheorghe Maurer
Preceded byGheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
Succeeded byNicolae Ceaușescu
President of the Council of Ministers
In office
21 October 1955 – 21 March 1961
PresidentPetru Groza
Ion Gheorghe Maurer
DeputyEmil Bodnăraș
Preceded byGheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
Succeeded byIon Gheorghe Maurer
First Vice President of the Council of Ministers
In office
20 August 1954 – 4 October 1955
Prime MinisterGheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
Succeeded byEmil Bodnăraș
Minister of Industry[a]
In office
15 April 1948 – 31 May 1952
Prime MinisterPetru Groza
Succeeded byCarol Loncear [ro]
Personal details
Born(1908-08-08)8 August 1908
Smeeni, Buzău County, Kingdom of Romania
Died18 February 1975(1975-02-18) (aged 66)
Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania
Cause of deathSuicide by firearm
Political partyRomanian Communist Party
Spouses
Ecaterina Micu-Chivu
​
​
(divorced)​
  • Maria Manolescu-Chivu
Children2
OccupationBoilermaker
Awards
a. ^ Minister of Metallurgy and Chemical Industries from 23 November 1949

Chivu Stoica (the family name being Chivu;[1][2] 8 August 1908 – 18 February 1975) was a leading Romanian Communist politician, who served as 48th Prime Minister of Romania.

Early life

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Stoica was born in Smeeni, Buzău County, the sixth child of a ploughman.[3] At age 12, after 5 years of elementary school, he left home, and started working as an apprentice at Căile Ferate Române, the state railway corporation. In 1921, he moved to Bucharest, where he worked as a boilermaker at the Vulcan, Lemaître, and Malaxa companies.[3] He joined the National Peasants' Party (PNȚ), serving as secretary for the Blue Sector of Bucharest until 1929.[4] At the Malaxa works, he met Gheorghe Vasilichi, who recruited him into the Communist Party (PCR)[3] in 1931.[4]

Career

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Defendants of the Grivița strike of 1933 trials in the Craiova Prison yard. Top row, from the left: Gheorghe Vasilichi, Dumitru Petrescu, Constantin Doncea, Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej. Stoica is on the bottom row, to the right

In spring 1931, Stoica started working for the Grivița Railway Yards, where he met Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, Vasile Luca, and Constantin Doncea; together, they started organizing a strike.[3] On 20 August 1934, he was sentenced to 15 years of prison for his role in the Grivița Strike of 1933.[5] He spent time at the Aiud, Doftana, Târgu Ocna, Văcărești, and Caransebeș prisons.[4][6] In 1935–1936 he was at Ocnele Mari Prison, together with Gheorghiu-Dej.[7] In 1940, his sentence was reduced to 9 years of hard labor. Later, the War Council of the 1st Army Corps pardoned him, but he was interned in the Târgu Jiu camp.[6] At the internment camp, he was close to Gheorghiu-Dej, who may have wanted Stoica to be his successor as General Secretary.

Stoica giving a speech in Berlin, 18 January 1963

He was a member of the Central Committee of the Romanian Workers' Party from 1945 to 1975, and a member of the Politburo. He was Prime Minister of Romania between 1955 and 1961 and President of the State Council of Romania (de facto head of state) from 1965 until 1967.

Stoica was awarded the Order of the Crown of Romania in the rank of Grand Officer (1947), the Order of the Star of the Romanian People's Republic, 1st class (1948, 1958), the Order of Labor [ro], 1st class (1959), the title of Hero of Socialist Labour and the Hammer and Sickle Gold Medal (1958), the August 23 Order [ro], 1st class (1959), the Tudor Vladimirescu Order [de], 1st class (1966), and the title of Hero of the Socialist Republic of Romania (1973).[8]

Death

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Suffering of tertiary syphilis, he died aged 66 at his residence in the exclusive Primăverii neighborhood of Bucharest.[6] His death, by a Holland & Holland hunting rifle bullet to the head, was ruled a suicide.[9][10][6]

Family

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Stoica had three wives. With the first one he had a daughter, Cornelia.[4][11] His second wife was Ecaterina Micu-Chivu (née Klein), a communist activist who worked after 1947 for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Romanian–Soviet Institute, and the Red Cross, and was a professor at Politehnica University until 1955. The couple had a daughter, Ana; they also adopted a son, but later revoked the adoption.[4][2][11] His third wife was Maria Chivu (née Manolescu), an engineer and a party and union activist.[4][11][10]

References

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  1. ^ Tismăneanu, Vladimir. "Balta fetidă a minciunii: Nepmanul Ponta intre bolșevism și peronism" (in Romanian). Retrieved June 12, 2014.
  2. ^ a b "Dosarele de cadre ale Ceaușeștilor" (in Romanian). December 18, 2013. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
  3. ^ a b c d (in Romanian) Paula Mihailov Chiciuc, "Din înaltul ordin al partidului" Archived 2014-03-02 at the Wayback Machine, Jurnalul Național, July 18, 2006
  4. ^ a b c d e f ""Erou al muncii socialiste": Chivu Stoica". Aminitiri din comunism (in Romanian). February 17, 2015. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
  5. ^ (in Romanian) Stelian Tănase, Dej – omul resentimentului Archived 2007-10-10 at the Wayback Machine, from Magazin Istoric
  6. ^ a b c d Iancu, Mariana (February 18, 2024). "Misterul sinuciderii comunistului Chivu Stoica în locuința din Primăverii: l-a șantajat pe Ceaușescu sau sifilisul i-a întunecat judecata". Adevărul (in Romanian). Retrieved March 6, 2024.
  7. ^ Oane, Sorin (2015), "Comuniști în închisoarea de la Ocnele Mari (1918–1938)", Buridava. Studii și materiale (in Romanian), XII (2): 66–78
  8. ^ Danilov, Nichita (October 9, 2023). "Delirul lui Chivu Stoica". Ziarul de Iași (in Romanian). Retrieved March 6, 2024.
  9. ^ Betea, Lavinia (January 15, 2007). "Zvonurile 'epocii de aur'" ["Rumors from the 'Golden Age']. Jurnalul Național (in Romanian). Archived from the original on August 3, 2021. Retrieved January 3, 2021.
  10. ^ a b Betea, Lavinia (21 May 2013). ""Sinuciderea" lui Chivu Stoica, consilierul Pacepa și traducătorul "savantei" Lenuța". Adevărul. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
  11. ^ a b c Tismăneanu, Vladimir (April 15, 2015). "Cine a fost Chivu Stoica? Valetul lui Gheorghiu Dej". HotNews (in Romanian). Retrieved March 6, 2024.
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Media related to Chivu Stoica at Wikimedia Commons

Party political offices
Preceded by President of the State Council
24 March 1965–9 December 1967 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Prime Minister of Romania
21 October 1955– 21 March 1961 		Succeeded by
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